Abbreviations & AcronymsObjectives: To investigate the association between urinary incontinence and female sexual function in a non-clinical population. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 2159 female employees of two hospitals. Results: Of the 883 sexually active participants, pure stress urinary incontinence was reported in 18.3%, pure urge urinary incontinence in 6.8%, mixed urinary incontinence in 15.1% and no urinary incontinence in 59.8%. The prevalence of female sexual difficulty, defined by the Female Sexual Function Index total score ≤26.55, was 52.0%, 56.1%, 54.3% and 42.2%, respectively (P < 0.05). After adjustment of age, menstrual status, length of marriage, having children and relationship with the partner, all types of urinary incontinence showed a significant association with female sexual difficulty with an odds ratio of 1.6-1.8. Taking into consideration the individual domains, pure urge urinary incontinence was a risk factor for decreased sexual lubrication and more sexual pain, and mixed urinary incontinence was a risk factor for less sexual satisfaction, whereas pure stress urinary incontinence was not related to a difficulty in individual domains. Conclusions: Stress urinary incontinence and urge urinary incontinence are associated with general impairment of female sexual function to a mild degree. Only urge urinary incontinence is related to sexual difficulty in specific domains including sexual lubrication and sexual pain.

The frequent late recurrences support the speculation that ESWL might lead to greater recurrence rates. Therefore, the cost-effectiveness of ESWL versus other modalities for stone removal warrants more long-term evaluation.

The frequent late recurrences support the speculation that ESWL might lead to greater recurrence rates. Therefore, the cost-effectiveness of ESWL versus other modalities for stone removal warrants more long-term evaluation.