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A floristic survey of climbing plants was carried out in an ecotone area of seasonal semideciduous forest (SSF) and forested savanna (CER), in Porto Ferreira State Park (PFSP), Southeastern Brazil. We sampled the reproductive specimens every month during two periods, March 2010 to September 2011 and April and July 2015. The surveys were performed by the walking method, and the sampled individuals were classified by habit, climbing mechanism and dispersal mode. Overall, 109 species, belonging to 67 genera and 29 families, were recorded; 49 species occurred in both, 29 and 31 were exclusive to SSF and CER, respectively. Bignoniaceae and Malpighiaceae were the richest families, with 17 species, followed by Sapindaceae (12 species), Asteraceae and Apocynaceae (8 species each) and Fabaceae (6). The majority of climbers were lianas, twining and anemochoric species, corresponding to 70%, 47% and 66% of all samples, respectively. In this work, we added one new family and 14 species to the Cerrado’s list of climbing plants from São Paulo state, and 10 species to the Brazilian seasonal semideciduous forest’s list. Therefore, we contributed to the understanding of diversity of climbing plants in vegetation types poorly studied for this plant group, mainly in the Cerradão, wherein we found new records for several species.

Trepadeira é um importante componente da composição e riqueza de espécies vegetais em florestas tropicais. Contudo, pesquisas exclusivas com esse grupo ainda são poucas no Brasil. O presente estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar a composição florística e aspectos ecológicos de trepadeiras em três fragmentos de florestas semideciduais em Uberlândia, MG. Para o levantamento florístico foram realizadas coletas mensais de março de 2010 a março de 2011. As espécies foram classificadas quanto ao hábito trepador, modo de ascensão e dispersão. Para calcular a similaridade florística entre as áreas utilizou-se o índice de Jaccard. Nos três fragmentos de floresta semidecidual estudado foram identificadas 99 espécies incluídas em 25 famílias e 62 gêneros. No fragmento da Fazenda São José (FSJ), Fazenda Experimental do Glória (FEG) e Fazenda Irara (FAI) encontrou-se 71, 53 e 52 espécies. As famílias mais ricas em espécies foram Bignoniaceae (16 espécies), Malpighiaceae (12), Sapindaceae (11) e Fabaceae (10). Houve o predomínio de espécies lenhosas e anemocóricas. As espécies dotadas de gavinhas foram as mais numerosas no fragmento da FSJ, enquanto na FEG e na FAI predominaram espécies volúveis. A similaridade florística entre os fragmentos foi menor que 50% indicando baixa similaridade entre as nossas áreas de estudo.

Agroecologia na escola: formação de um núcleo de estudos de produção agroecológica em horta escolar Agroecology at school: formation of a nucleus of agroecological production studies in a school garden

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a superação de dormência e os efeitos na germinação de diásporos de Mutamba (Guazuma ulmifolia Lam.) submetidos ao tratamento pré-germinativo com bioestimulante comercial Stimulate ®. Os estudos para o teste de germinação foram conduzidos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com seis tratamentos ((T1 = Controle; T2=água a 60ºC; T3= água 60ºC+água por 12h; T4= Água 60ºC + 2 mL L-1 Stimulate ® por 12h; T5= Água 60ºC + 4 mL L-1 Stimulate ® por 12h; T6= Água 60ºC + 8 mL L-1 Stimulate ® por 12h) e quatro repetições de 50 sementes de cada, para germinação em câmaras BOD à 25ºC por 19 dias. As variáveis analisadas foram velocidade média de germinação (VMG), tempo médio para germinação (TMG), percentual de germinação (%G), índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG), comprimento do hipocótilo (CH), comprimento da raiz (CR) e Comprimento total (CT). Para VMG os tratamentos T2, T3 e T6 influenciaram negativamente o processo germinativo. Já em TMG, IVG e %G todos os tratamentos apresentaram influencia positiva que em relação ao controle. Para as variáveis CR, CT e CH foi possível verificar que os tratamentos com Stimulate ® nas concentrações empregadas prejudicaram o desenvolvimento das plântulas, ou seja, provavelmente o regulador vegetal teve efeito fitotóxico. Sendo assim, é possível afirmar que as concentrações de Stimulate ® utilizadas no presente estudo foram prejudiciais ao processo germinativo das sementes de mutamba, devendo em próximo estudos utilizar menores concentrações, por outro lado, o tratamento térmico empregado foi importante fator para superação da dormência dos diásporos.

Cerrado remnants can hold an important diversity of plant species of environmental and ecological relevance. We presented a checklist of vascular plants based on 12 years of inventory carried out in 36 plots (10 m x 2 m; 0.18 ha in total) and during unsystematic walks in a remnant area of cerrado sensu stricto located at Itirapina municipality, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. The list comprised 195 plant species, corresponding to 54 families and 131 genera. The richest families were Fabaceae (25 species), Asteraceae (16), Myrtaceae (16), Rubiaceae (11), Bignoniaceae and Malpighiaceae (10 each), Melastomataceae (9), and Erythroxylaceae, Sapindaceae and Annonaceae (6). Predominant life forms included shrubs and trees, with 68% of the species, followed by lianas with 12%, sub-shrub and herbs with 10% each. Bees were the dominant pollinators (67,5%) and the majority of species had seeds dispersed by animals (56.8%), mostly by birds, followed by wind (33.3%) and self-dispersed (11.2%). More than 60% of the total species were classified as “typical” Cerrado species. Bowdichia virgilioides was the only species classified as Near Threatened (NT) and 157 were regarded as Data Deficient (DD). Our dataset provides floristic, structural, and ecological information for one of the targeted areas for Cerrado survey at São Paulo state, contributing to the understanding of diversity patterns and future conservation and restoration actions in this threatened hotspot.

Key message Forest fragmentation leads to a micro-environmental condition that favors the proliferation of liana, which infest trees, compete with them, and reduce their performance. To report the state of the art of the main actions to manage this structural component of tropical forests, we surveyed the control strategies in the literature in the last 71 years, highlighting research goals, tree-climber interactions, management, restoration, and conservation. Dataset access is at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6678112. Associated metadata are available at https://metadata-afs.nancy.inra.fr/geonetwork/srv/fre/catalog.search#/metadata/712ff481-dfa2-4ddb-b4fa-fcbd7c517842 Context Lianas (woody vines) are considered structural parasites of tropical trees because they start their development as terrestrial seedlings but need to reach a tree canopy for higher light availability. The tree-liana coexistence usually can damage tree species, thus removing lianas has been suggested as an alternative to reinforce forest regeneration. Aims The dataset compilation begun during the first author doctoral work and a first dataset on neotropical lianas was published (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050477) in 2020. The present dataset (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6678112) presents an update of the 2020 dataset with additional amend (published articles from 2018 to 2021) and enhanced metadata descriptions. Our aim is providing an updated database extracted from scientific literature compiling information related to the effect of lianas on tree and forest structure and diversity, and to contribute to improve decision making on forest restoration and management. Methods We made a systematic literature review on lianas in the Neotropical region (native or restored) from 1950 to 2021. First, we selected studies on liana management and described each paper according to the following topics: vegetation status, positive (P), and negative (N) effects of lianas on each species, the species in focus, and the suggested management strategy. Results Almost 83% of the studies pointed out tree-climber interactions as negative to trees. Cutting was the management strategy adopted in 92% of the studies. Controlled burning, enrichment, and selective cutting were adopted in only one paper. Rainy and seasonal forests were the vegetation types with more studied sites (20 and 17 respectively). Only one study suggested enhancing forest diversity through direct seeding of lianas. Four studies evaluated the impact of lianas on forest diversity and forest fauna. Conclusion The data collected showed the different impacts of liana management on the diversity and structure of tropical forests. It can endorse environmental control and management practices and evaluate the consequences of these techniques in recovering forests or improving timber production.

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