This research aimed to determine the depression level and its correlation experienced by post-coronary artery bypass graft patients after being discharged from cardiac intensive care units. A cross-sectional design was employed for assessing variables. The Self-rating Depression Scale, as proposed by Zung, was used by the researchers on a convenience sample of Jordanian patients ( N = 143) who were approached soon after their discharge from the targeted units. The results suggested that the level of depression among Jordanian patients was relatively high ( M = 62.7, SD = 5.6). Moreover, depression was significantly higher among female, unmarried and unemployed patients. Patients who received their information about coronary artery bypass graft surgery from nurses had a lower level of depression. Age, length of stay in the cardiac intensive care unit and hospital type significantly predicted the level of depression. The research concluded that the post-coronary artery bypass graft patients who experienced an early onset depression required more attention to highlight the importance of supportive interventions.
The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review that investigates the differences in illness perception with age and gender in patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease. Previous studies show some discrepancies regarding the influence of age and gender on the specific dimensions of coronary artery disease patients' illness perception. A systematic review using a narrative synthesis process included preliminary synthesis, exploration of relationships and assessment of the robustness of the synthesis and findings was conducted. Search terms were used to identify research studies published between 1996 and December 2014 across four key databases: CINAHL, Medline, PsycINFO and Web of Science. A total of 14 studies met the inclusion criteria of the review. The review found that men had a stronger perception that their own behaviour had caused their illness than women. In addition, older patients had lower perceptions of the consequences and chronicity of their illness. This analysis concludes that some dimensions of illness perception vary according to age and gender of patients with coronary artery disease. These differences should be taken into consideration, particularly when providing health education and cardiac rehabilitation.
At the time the study was conducted, Besher Gharaibeh, Byron Gajewski, and Diane Boyle were affiliated with School of Nursing University of Kansas, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; Ahmed Al-smadi was affiliated with University of Ulster, Belfast, Newtownabbey Co. Antrim BT37 0QB, Jordandtown road, UK.The coexistence of diabetes and depression is associated with negative outcomes such as poor diabetes self-care management (DSCM). Complex relationships exist among diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy, self-care agency, depression and DSCM. No study has examined the relationships among all these factors at the same time. We aimed to examine relationships among depression, diabetes knowledge, self-care agency, self-efficacy and DSCM in insulin- treated people based on a modification of the DSCM model. A cross-sectional, correlational model testing design was used. Participants with type 1 (n = 35) and type 2 (n = 43) diabetes were recruited from both outpatient and community sites. Participants mean age was 46.6 years (standard deviation 13.7) and the majority were men (56.4%). Multiple regression analyses tested the hypothesised relationships. Depression was found to have a direct negative relationship with self-care agency and self-efficacy. The relationship between depression and DSCM was not direct. Self-care agency and self-efficacy completely mediated the effect of depression on DSCM. Self-efficacy completely mediated the effect of self-care agency on DSCM. We conclude that effective treatment programmes for persons managed with insulin should probably include not only screening and treatment of depression, but also skills training to enhance patient self-care agency and self-efficacy alongside DSCM.
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