During the accretion phase of a core-collapse supernova (SN), the deleptonization flux has recently been found to develop a global dipole pattern (LESA-Lepton Emission Self-sustained Asymmetry). The νe number flux Fν e is much larger than Fν e in one direction, whereas they are approximately equal, or even Fν e Fν e , in the opposite direction. We use a linearized stability analysis in a simplified SN model to study the impact of the νe-νe flux asymmetry on self-induced neutrino flavor conversion. While a small lepton-number flux facilitates self-induced flavor conversion, "multiangle matter suppression" is more effective. Overall we find that for large matter densities which are relevant below the shock wave, self-induced flavor conversion remains suppressed in the LESA context and thus irrelevant for neutrino-driven explosion dynamics.
Simulation has become one of the most important techniques with regard to manufacturing and logistics systems. During modeling and experimenting simulation input and output data have to be presented to different target groups which range from simulation experts and factory planners to representatives of company management, and for different tasks and specific purposes. Different kinds of visualization techniques are used to present the simulation data, from static techniques as charts and layout plans to dynamic techniques as 2-D or 3-D animation as well as Virtual or Augmented Reality. But often, non-expressive and non-effective visualizations prevent the understanding of simulation output. This paper presents a taxonomy of visualization techniques for simulation in production and logistics and outlines how to use this taxonomy as a base for decision support to select the right visualization technique for specific target groups
This work investigates the effects of ground plane edge serrations on microstrip patch antennas for use in active-element reflectarray applications. Improvements in isolation between the ports of the antenna by this ground plane edge treatment are studied once the microstrip patch geometry has been modified to incorporate the active device. This treatment not only improves the general characteristics of the radiating element, but can also act to stabilize the output and reduce uncontrolled oscillations and other undesired behaviors.
Seronegative spondyloarthropathies are characterized by bilateral or unilateral sacroiliitis, spondylitis, peripheral arthritides or extraarticular manifestations. The spondyloarthropathies are associated with a positive HLA-B27 status. Genetic factors, repetitive biomechanical stress and the immune response to bacterial products lead to the inflammatory changes at typical anatomical sites. Diseases classified as spondyloarthropathies include ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, juvenile spondyloarthropathy and inflammatory bowel disease associated with spondylitis. The SAPHO (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis) syndrome is also considered a member of the spondyloarthropathy family. An otherwise unclassified HLA-B27-linked peripheral arthritis is often considered an undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy. Treatment consists of physical therapy including patient education, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs.
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