Sehr hohe innenseitige Diffusionswiderstände für nichtbelüftete Dachaufbauten mit außenseitiger Folienabdichtung sind aufgrund der so geschaffenen Feuchtefallencharakteristik als kontraproduktiv anzusehen. Durch den Einsatz von feuchteadaptiven Dampfbremsen kann eine verstärkte diffusionsbedingte Rücktrocknung von Feuchtigkeit aus dem Gefach erreicht werden. Anhand von Freilanduntersuchungen werden fünf industriell gefertigte, flachgeneigte und leckagefreie hölzerne Nacktdächer mit Folienabdichtung, mit unterschiedlichen feuchteadaptiven Dampfbremsen und unterschiedlichen innenseitigen Beplankungen unter besonnten und vollzeitbeschatteten Randbedingungen messtechnisch analysiert. Dabei unterscheidet sich das hygrothermische Verhalten der verschiedenen Dachaufbauten während des 17‐monatigen Beobachtungszeitraums hauptsächlich aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Solareinstrahlung. In den besonnten Dachelementen zeigen sich auf der Gefachinnenseite deutlich kritischere Klimabedingungen als auf der Gefachaußenseite. Alle beschatteten Dachelemente weisen ein sehr negatives hygrisches Verhalten auf. Trotz hoher Feuchtelast im Innenraum und in den Gefachen ist in keinem der untersuchten Dachaufbauten zum Beobachtungsende ein biologischer Befall zu entdecken.Measuring investigations of the hygrothermal behaviour of timber flat roofs — Part 1: Non‐ventilated compact roofs with waterproofing membranes. For compact roofs with roof waterproofing membranes very high inner diffusion resistances are counterproductive. This kind of construction has virtually no drying potential. By the use of smart vapour retarders a higher diffusion based drying rate can be achieved. Five industrial manufactured, full scale low pitched and leakage free timber flat roofs with roof waterproofing membranes, different smart vapour retarders and inner sheetings were investigated under sun‐exposed and fulltime shaded conditions. During the 17 months long investigation period the hygrothermal behaviour of the roofs differs mainly due to the different solar irradiation. In the exposed roofs the climates at the inner side of the cavity were clearly more critical as at the outer side of the cavity. All shaded roofs showed a very critical hygrothermal performance. Despite high moisture loads in the buildings and in the cavities no mould could be found in the inspected roofs.
Im gegenständlichen zweiten Teil dieser Aufsatzreihe werden die Messwerte aus zwei Gründachelementen, welche zum einen mit Mineralwolledämmung und feuchteadaptiver Dampfbremse und zum anderen mit Zellulosedämmung und Vliesdampfbremse ausgeführt sind, diskutiert. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die Temperatur auf der Dachabdichtung neben den Witterungsbedingungen auch vom Bewuchsgrad des Gründaches abhängt. Aufgrund der geringen sommerlichen Umkehrdiffusion der Gründächer kommt es zu erhöhten Luftfeuchten im Gefach. Dies führt beim Gründach mit Mineralwolledämmung zu erhöhten Materialfeuchten. Das Gründach mit Zellulosedämmung weist diese erhöhten Materialfeuchten hingegen weniger stark auf. Trotz der teilweise lang andauernden hohen Feuchtelast im Gefach der beiden Gründächer konnten weder Schimmel‐ noch holzzerstörende Pilze in diesen entdeckt werden.Measuring investigations of the hygrothermal behaviour of timber flat roofs — Part 2: Non‐ventilated green roofs with cellulose and mineral wool insulation. In the second part of this article serial the measuring values of two green roof elements made of mineral wool insulation with a moisture adaptive vapour retarder and cellulose insulation with a fibrous vapour redarder are discussed. It is shown that the roof surface temperature, beside the weathering conditions, depends on the level of plant coverage. Because of very low drying potential of green roofs high air humidity occurs in the cavity. This leads to higher material moisture content in the element with mineral wool insulation. The green roof element with cellulose insulation shows this higher material moisture content less pronounced. Despite high moisture loads in the cavities of both green roof elements no mould or rot could be found in the investigated roofs.
With the increasing use of wood also for multi-storey dwellings, a wide variety of timber construction systems have been developed in Austria, of which in particular timber post and beam construction and solid timber construction in cross-laminated timber have become established. During the Internoise 2005, the first session on sound insulation in timber construction was initiated by Jean-Luc Kouyoumji. At that time, I was able to present first examples of multi-storey CLT dwellings in Austria. Today buiding with wood is a worldwide topic and there are still a lot of research questions, especially in the low-frequency range, in flanking transmission and optimization. Within the Sound.Wood.Austria research project, acoustic laboratory measurements of typical Austrian wood based building components were carried out in order to determine the effect of various design measures on sound insulation in a systematic approach and to identify possible optimization potential. Exterior and apartment partition walls as well as apartment partition ceilings were investigated. In this talk, selected measurement results will be presented and discussed. The results stress the fact, that further research work and developments, preferably internationally networked, are desirable in order to exploit the acoustic potential of timber buildings in the sense of "Green Deal".
For the proper simulation of hygrothermal processes in roof constructions with ventilation layers the knowledge of climate conditions within the ventilation layer is requisite. In this work a model for the assessment of temperature and air humidity has been developed using multiple regression analysis. Therefore, the climate conditions inside the ventilation layers of differently covered and oriented roofs have been monitored for one year. Relevant outside climate parameters for the calculation of ventilation layer climates have been identified. The comparison between measured and calculated values indicated an adequate accuracy of the developed model with limitations for the use in snow fall periods.
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