After a one-year interval, a structured interview designed to assess the quality of life was again conducted with most of the tenants in a single-room occupancy hotel in New York City. Comparisons was made between the two sets of findings. During the year, a program had been in effect to provide social, psychiatric, recreational, medical and other services to all the tenants at the hotel. Of the original 181 interviewees, 100 completed the second interview. Statistically significant changes occurred in 9 of the 35 variables assessed for the one-year period. There was significant improvement in the self-care index, but some negative mood changes were also found. The subgroup of identified alcholics showed the most positive improvements of any of the subgroups.
This report concerns the evaluation of a program for elderly welfare recipients and for patients discharged from state hospitals and sent to live in a single‐room occupancy hotel in New York City. Descriptions are given of: 1) the hotel, 2) the funding of the program and the staff, 3) the program and its various aspects, and 4) the objectives. The evaluation is based on the results of an intensive survey conducted for the period January‐June 1972. Of the 299 tenants, 181 provided the detailed information. About 87 per cent of the tenants (mean age, 59.1 years) were supported in full or in part by welfare; only 4 per cent were currently married; 18 per cent had some college experience; and the mean length of tenancy was about four years. There was a distinct increase each month in the tenants' use of medical, psychiatric, recreational and social services. Thus it is not always possible to plan the program requirements in advance because of abrupt situational changes. This hotel project is offered as a model for the development of a comprehensive treatment and rehabilitation program for elderly welfare tenants and psychiatric patients living in urban hotels. The aim is to improve the quality of life for the tenants and to establish a sense of community and personal autonomy among them.
Background Low strength of maternal-infant relationship (MIR) is consistently associated with early childhood obesity risk. Because obesity often persists once it develops, primary prevention is needed early. Home visiting programs support families with social determinants of health (SDH) and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs); SDH and ACEs contribute to health inequities. Addressing SDH and ACEs may facilitate improvements in MIR and ultimately mitigate early childhood obesity risk. Limited to no research has examined the association between ACEs, SDH, and MIR. In the context of a national, evidence-based home visiting program, we asked: are SDH and ACEs associated with low MIR? Methods This sample includes 6,972 children ages 0–<24 months enrolled in the Parents as Teachers home visiting program across the United States from sites using the Life Skills Progression (LSP) instrument through February 2020. Low MIR is dichotomized from a 1-5 scale, with low scores reflecting low nurturing, bonding, and responsiveness. We used the literature, theory, and a stepwise logistic regression model-building process to identify a parsimonious model for MIR. Results Preliminary results reflect 34.2% Hispanic or Latino, 22.7% non-Hispanic Black, 35.3% non-Hispanic Other race; 83.9% low income; 36.9% low education; and 13.4% mothers scoring low for MIR. Notable findings from modeling include: physical ACEs, captured here as child abuse or neglect (OR: 5.01, 95% CI: 4.10-6.11); mental illness ACEs, captured here as a mother/parent with mental illness (OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.05-1.63), or the mother/parent treated violently (OR: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.56-2.40). Protective associations include mothers' support of child development and self-esteem scores. Conclusions Understanding the complex interplay of SDH, ACEs, and MIR is critical for developing interventions that address “upstream” family characteristics in order to mitigate early childhood obesity risk. ACEs play a predominant role. Key messages This is the first known study to concurrently examine maternal-infant relationship, social determinants of health, and adverse childhood experiences. Home visiting programs may be critical partners in addressing these needs given their reach.
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