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Background: Fibered confocal fluorescence microscopy (FCFM) allows in vivo investigation of pulmonary microstructures. However, the bronchial epithelium can only be imaged using exogenous fluorophores. The objective of this study is to compare methylene blue (MB) and acriflavine genotoxicity and to assess FCFM performance for in vivo imaging of precancerous lesions.

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Intratumoral MB appears efficient as PDT agent for cancer treatment in animal models. Further studies are needed to assess the safety and efficacy of MB-associated PDT for the treatment of lung cancer in humans.

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IMPORTANCEFailure of treatment is the most serious complication in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). OBJECTIVE To assess the potential risk factors for treatment failure in clinically stable patients with CAP.

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