We examine the use of Federated Identity and Access Management (FIAM) approaches for the Internet of Things (IoT). We look at specific challenges that devices, sensors and actuators have, and look for approaches to address them. OAuth is a widely deployed protocol -built on top of HTTP -for applying FIAM to Web systems. We explore the use of OAuth for IoT systems that instead use the lightweight MQTT 3.1 protocol. In order to evaluate this area, we built a prototype that uses OAuth 2.0 to enable access control to information distributed via MQTT. We evaluate the results of this prototyping activity, and assess the strengths and weaknesses of this approach, and the benefits of using the FIAM approaches with IoT and Machine to Machine (M2M) scenarios. Finally we outline areas for further research.

Man-in-the-middle attacks are one of the most popular and fundamental attacks on distributed systems that have evolved with advances in distributed computing technologies and have assumed several shapes ranging from simple IP spoofing to complicated attacks on wireless communications, which have safety-critical applications such as remote wireless passport verification. This paper proposes a static analysis algorithm for the detection of man-in-the-middle attacks in mobile processes using a solution based on precise timing.

In collaborative systems, a set of organizations shares their computing resources, such as compute cycles, storage space or on-line services, in order to establish Virtual Organizations (VOs) aimed at achieving common tasks. The formation and operation of Virtual Organizations involve establishing trust among their members and reputation is one measure by which such trust can be quantified and reasoned about. In this paper, we contribute to research in the area of trust for collaborative computing systems along two directions: first, we provide a survey on the main reputation-based systems that fulfil the trust requirements for collaborative systems, including reputation systems designed for e-commerce, agent-based environments, and Peer-to-Peer computing and Grid-based systems. Second, we present a model for reputation management for Grid Virtual Organizations that is based on utility computing and that can be used to rate users according to their resource usage and resources and their providers according to the quality of service they deliver. We also demonstrate, through Grid simulations, how the model can be used in improving completion and welfare in Virtual Organizations.as Grid-based supply chains [2], among others. In such collaborative systems, trust management is a fundamental problem as resource owners must share their resources with unknown organizations as well as ensuring that all users abide by the VO agreement to which the resources have been allocated. This paper investigates how to exploit reputation systems in the management of VOs. Reputation is one measure by which trust among different members of a In this section, we develop a general utility-based reputation model for VOs, which will be used later to manage reputation in service-oriented VOs. Our reputation model is based on the model described in Reference [3]. The model was initially devised for service-oriented computing in grid systems and improves the models presented in Subsection 2.5. Central to our model is the notion of an organization. The set of all organizations is denoted by Org. We keep REPUTATION MANAGEMENT IN COLLABORATIVE COMPUTING SYSTEMS 553 Aggregating the reputation of an entity over all its consumers within a VO produces the reputation of the entity in the VO with respect to a particular issue of interest.Srv rep eic == rep eic [Time, VOUser, Srv, {QoS}] Srv rep ei == rep ei [Time, Srv, {QoS}] Srv rep e == rep ei [Time, Srv] Srv rep == rep [Time, Srv] REPUTATION MANAGEMENT IN COLLABORATIVE COMPUTING SYSTEMS 557 User rep eic == rep eic [Time, Srv, VOUser, {Usage}] User rep ei == rep ei [Time, VOUser, {Usage}] User rep e == rep ei [Time, VOUser] User rep == rep [Time, VOUser]

There is increasing demand in modern day business applications for communication networks to be robust and reliable due to the complexity and critical nature of such applications. As such, data delivery is expected to be reliable and secure even in the harshest of environments. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is gaining traction as a promising approach for designing network architectures which are robust and flexible. One reason for this is that separating the data plane from the control plane, increases the controller’s ability to configure the network rapidly. When network failure events occur, the network manager may trade-off the optimality of the achieved network reconfiguration with the responsivenss of the reconfiguration process. Responsiveness may be favoured when the network resources are under stress and the failure rate is high. We contribute SDN recovery methods that leverage information about the structure of the network to expedite network restoration when a link failure occurs. They operate by detecting community-like structures in the network topology and then they find alternative paths which have low operation and installation costs using this information. Extensive simulations are conducted to evaluate the proposed SDN recovery methods using open-source simulation tools. They provide evidence that the proposed approaches lead to performance gains when an alternative path is required among a set of candidate paths.

The Internet of Things (IoT) has significant security and privacy risks. Currently, most devices connect to a cloud service that is provided by the manufacturer of the device.We outline a proposed model for IoT that allows the identity of users and devices to be federated. Users and devices are issued with secure, random, anonymised identities that are not shared with third-parties. We demonstrate how devices can be connected to third-party applications without inherently de-anonymising them. Sensor data and actuator commands are federated through APIs to cloud services. All access to device data and commands is based on explicit consent from users. Each user's data is handled by a personal cloud instance providing improved security and isolation.We demonstrate this model is workable with a prototype system that implements the major features of the model. We present experiment results including performance, capacity and cost metrics from the prototype. We compare this work with other related work, and outline areas for discussion and future work.

We present a formal model of the MQ Telemetry Transport version 3.1 protocol based on a timed message-passing process algebra. We explain the modelling choices that we made, including pointing out ambiguities in the original protocol specification, and we carry out a static analysis of the formal protocol model, which is based on an approximation of a name-substitution semantics for algebra. The analysis reveals that the protocol behaves correctly as specified against the first two quality of service modes of operation providing at most once and at least once delivery semantics to the subscribers. However, we find that the third and highest quality of service semantics is prone to error and at best ambiguous in certain aspects of its specification. Finally, we suggest an enhancement of this level of QoS for the protocol.

In this paper we outline the challenges of Web API management in Internet of Things (IoT) projects. Web API management is a key aspect of service-oriented systems that includes the following elements: metadata publishing, access control and key management, monitoring and monetization of interactions, as well as usage control and throttling. We look at how Web API management principles, including some of the above elements, translate into a world of connected devices (IoT). In particular, we present and evaluate a prototype that addresses the issue of managing authentication with millions of insecure low-power devices communicating with non-HTTP protocols. With this first step, we are only beginning to investigate IoT API management, therefore we also discuss necessary future work.

In this paper, we introduce a new approach that computes the shortest-reliable end-to-end paths for centrally controlled networks like software-defined networks (SDNs). The proposed method aims to find the correlation between the routing mechanism and reliability with the purpose of decreasing the required time of backup path installation through reducing the number of required rules at the moment of failure towards guarantee the fast restoration of the affected path, hence leading to the reduction of the overhead on SDN network controller and the probability of the loss of packets. We also investigate the correlation between the network topology and its reliability and demonstrate the benefits from this relation through experiments using well known SDN network simulation tools.