BACKGROUND: Inpatient mortality is among regularly collected data in Key performance indicators in the Ethiopian healthcare system, and it is generally reported to the Federal Ministry of Health and is used as one of inpatient services quality indicators. This study was undertaken to identify the magnitude, causes and pattern of mortalities among patients who are admitted and treated in surgical wards in Saint Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College for a period of three years.METHODS: A retrospective review was done on all patients admitted and died in the Department of Surgery in St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College from January 1, 2016–Dec 30, 2018.RESULT: There were 10,259 admissions over three years and out of which there were 350 deaths between 2016-2018 making a crudemortality rate of 3.41 %. The commonest mode of admission was for emergency conditions, 195(62.7%). Out of emergency admissions, 139 mortalities were from general emergency surgery and 75 patients died from elective general surgery admissions. Eighty-four (26.9%) patients had comorbidity and the commonest comorbidity was anemia 21(25%). The commonest possible cause of death was multi-organ failure secondary to septic shock, 159(51%). Mortality rate patterns along the three years (2016, 2017, 2018) showed 3.34% (112/3360), 2.87% (102/3552) and 2.92% (98/3347) respectively.CONCLUSION: The mortality rate of this study is much higher than global rates, but still there is a significant difference from other developing countries and also other researches in this country. Pattern of mortality did not show any difference across years of the study period.

Background As a means of establishing a sustained and fair health care financing system, Ethiopia has planned and ratified a legal framework to introduce a social health insurance program for employees of the formal sector to protect them against financial and health burdens. However, the implementation has been delayed due to the resistance of public servants to pay the proposed premium. The aim of this study was to estimate the magnitude of willingness to pay the proposed amount of premium set by the government for the social health insurance program and the factors associated with it among public servants in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study design was used to conduct the study. Multistage sampling was employed to select a total of 503 from 12 randomly selected public sectors. Data were collected using pretested, interviewer-administered structured questionnaires. A contingent valuation method with an iterative bidding game was used to elicit willingness to pay. Finally, logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of willingness to pay. Statistical significance was considered at P < 0.05 with adjusted odds ratios calculated at 95% CIs. Results Only 35.4% were willing to pay the proposed premium (3% of their monthly salary). Those who had children from 6–18 years old (AOR = 3.252; 95% CI: 1.15, 9.22), had a history of unaffordable health service costs during the last 12 months (AOR = 9.631; 95% CI: 4.12, 22.52), and had prior information about the social health insurance program (AOR = 11.011, 95% CI. 3.735–32.462) were more likely to pay for the proposed social health insurance program compared to their counterparts. Conclusion The willingness to pay the proposed amount premium for social health insurance among public servants in Addis Ababa was very low that implies the implementation will be challenging. Thus, the government of Ethiopia should consider reviewing the amount of premium contributions expected from employees before implementing the social health insurance scheme.

No abstract

Background: Road traffic injury (RTI) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity globally. It accounts for more than 1.35 million deaths per year. It has multiple risk factors that contribute to its occurrence. Low and middle-income countries are affected severely, thus, Ethiopia is among the most affected countries. Aim of this assessment is to analyze three years of Electronic Health Management Information System (eHMIS) surveillance data of Road traffic injuries in Ethiopia as general to describe the trends of injury based on sex, age, place, and time. Methods: eHMIS Road Traffic accident data were reviewed retrospectively for three years period (2007 – 2009 Ethiopian calendar (E.C) / 2014 to 2017) and Analysis was done by Microsoft Excel. Result: The trend of injury in Ethiopia increased from 69882 to 100,628 and inpatient death increased from 125 to 265 over the last three years. Males were affected more, hence contributed to 63.64% of total cases. Those who were above 15 years of age contributed to 80.6% of total cases. Cases reached their peak during the dry season of regions. Harari region had the highest incidence of injury; more than 2000 cases per 100,000 over three years period. Conclusion: This analysis revealed that in Ethiopia burden of Road Traffic Injury (RTI) was increasing against the plan of the country. Being male and adult has a greater risk of RTI. Harari region and Dire Dawa has a much higher incidence than the national level. High-level political commitment, immediate decisions, and actions are needed to halt the problem.

No abstract