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Introduction Modern health services utilization in developing countries has continued low. Financial shortage to access health-care services might be averted by stirring from out-of-pocket payment for health care at the time of use. The government of Ethiopia; depend greatly on foreign aid (50%) and out-of-pocket payments (34%) to fund health services for its population. This study was aimed to identify factors associated with households’ enrollment to CBHI scheme membership. Methods Case-control study design was conducted from May 18–July 27, 2019 among 332 participants (166 enrolled and 166 non-enrolled to CBHI scheme). Simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression model were fitted to identify factors associated with enrollment to community based health insurance. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% CI was used to report association and significance was declared at P<0.05. Result A total of 332 (100% response rate) were involved in the study. Educational status (College and above, AOR = 3.90, 95%CI; 1.19, 12.75), good awareness about CBHI scheme (AOR = 21.595, 95% CI; 7.561, 61.681), affordability of premium payment (AOR = 3.403, 95% CI; 5.638–4.152), wealth index {(Poor, AOR = 2.59, 95%CI; 1.08, 6.20), (Middle, AOR = 4.13, 95%CI; 1.11, 15.32)} perceived health status (AOR = 5.536; 95% CI; 1.403–21.845), perceived quality of care (AOR: 21.014 95%CI; 4.178, 105.686) and treatment choice (AOR = 2.94, 95%CI; 1.47, 5.87) were factors significantly associated with enrollment to CBHI. Conclusion Enrolment to CBHI schemes is influenced by educational level, awareness level, affordability of premium, wealth index, perceived health status, perceived quality of care and treatment choice. Implementation strategies aimed at raising community awareness, setting affordable premium, and providing quality healthcare would help in increasing enrollment of all eligible community groups to the CBHI scheme.

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Background Tracheal extubation is the process of removing a tube from the trachea. It is associated with an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, intracranial pressure, intraocular pressure, coughing, bronchospasm, laryngospasm, and bleeding. Many techniques, as well as drugs, have been attempted for attenuation of the airway and cardiovascular responses. Propofol and lidocaine are widely available drugs in resource-limited settings even though their relative effectiveness for smooth extubation is not well established. Objectives To assess the effectiveness of intravenous lidocaine and propofol on the attenuation of extubation-induced hemodynamic responses in the adult elective surgical patient from November 01, 2019, to February 30, 2020, at Asella teaching and referral hospital, Ethiopia. Methods Institutional-based prospective observational cohort study design was conducted on 72 ASA I patients who underwent elective surgery. The study participants were allocated into three groups equally based on anesthetists' extubation plan; Group P, 0.5 mg/kg propofol, group L, 1.5 mg/kg lidocaine administered 2 min before extubation and group C was a control group. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20 after the normality of the data was checked by the Shapiro Wilk test. One-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey posthoc test has been employed to find the pair-wise significance and a p-value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results A demographic status and clinical characteristics of the patient were comparable between groups with p-values of >0.05. After extubation; heart rate, systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure were decreased significantly in groups of propofol and lidocaine within 10 min. Propofol shows better results in maintaining stable systolic blood pressure up to 3 min, while heart rate, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure were maintained stable up to 5 min after extubation (p = 0.001). Conclusions 0.5 mg/kg propofol or 1.5 mg/kg lidocaine might help to attenuate extubation induced hemodynamic responses.

Article Information Self-regulatory behavior is an important personal skill that strengthens in the course of transition from childhood to adulthood. While self-regulation promotes healthy and successful transitioning to adulthood, deficiency in self-regulation would expose the growing persons to a host of undesirable behaviors including impulsivity, violence, health risky behaviors etc. The aim of this study was to examine adolescents" self-regulatory behavior and how it was associated with parental involvement and such other background factors as age, gender, family structure, and socioeconomic status. A total of 211 secondary school adolescent students were selected as data sources. SocioEconomic Status Inventory, Self-Regulation Scale and Parental Involvement Scale were employed for data collection. Findings indicated that the level of self-regulatory behavior was significantly higher among the adolescents. The same pattern was exhibited in all the three dimensions of self-regulation. While sex and parental involvement were found to have significant relationship with self-regulatory behavior, age, socioeconomic status, fathers" educational level, and family structure were, however, minimally correlated. Discussing the findings against a backdrop, basically of, socio-cultural reality of the study setting, further research was suggested to unveil this context of selfregulation using mixed research design.