The management of soft-tissue defects in the lower third of the leg and foot presents a considerable problem because of composite tissue defects, inadequate and tight local tissue for reconstruction, and poor circulation. Although the reverse sural flap is frequently preferred and is fairly reliable, some complications arising from the circulation may be encountered in large flaps or in diabetic patients. In the present study, we developed a new modification by supercharging the sural flap to reduce venous congestion and edema and to increase the reliability of the flap. We treated 3 patients (2 men and 1 woman) by utilizing a supercharged reverse sural flap. All flaps survived and healed uneventfully. We also suggest a new and more distinctive classification for supercharging and turbocharging, which defines the vessel type to be anastomosed and the relationship of the vessel to be anastomosed with the main vessel to the flap.

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In cleft palate cases with delayed diagnosis, appropriate application of muscle repair will be sufficient for anatomic repair of VPI without any extra procedures. In addition, dynamic magnetic resonance imaging is an objective, noninvasive, reliable, and effective modality that may be used in the diagnosis and treatment of VPI without any extra investigations.

Freezing fat grafts in liquid nitrogen and storing them at -35 degrees C is an effective way of preserving tissue for future use, with clear superiority over other methods.

The short-term and the long-term effects of abdominoplasty on the respiratory function of healthy adults are not known because of a lack of studies on this subject. Theoretically one might suggest that abdominoplasty can cause respiratory decompensation resulting from musculofascial plication, which reduces the respiratory reserve by decreasing intra-abdominal volume and diaphragmatic excursion. This prospective study was performed to evaluate the short-term effects of abdominoplasty on the pulmonary function of 14 consecutive otherwise healthy subjects. Calculation of the body mass index, measurement of the waist circumference, and the distance from xiphoid to umbilicus, and spirometry were performed for each subject preoperatively, and they were repeated at 10 and 30 days after the operation. The mean values of body mass index (p < 0.001), waist circumference (p < 0.05), and the distance from xiphoid to umbilicus (p < 0.001) were all decreased significantly by postoperative day 10. Comparison of the spirometric measurements showed a significant improvement in the mean forced vital capacity (p < 0.01) on day 30 postoperatively, whereas the mean forced expiratory volume in first second did not change throughout the study period. The authors conclude that abdominoplasty could improve pulmonary function in healthy subjects by increasing the forced vital capacity.

Our region features gunshot injuries and land mine blasts as the most common traumatic causes of amputations.

The Veau classification of the cleft palate affects the risk of fistula development, and the risk for fistula after rotation palatoplasty is lower than that associated with the V-Y pushback technique.