Introduction:The aims of this research was to measure the effects of manipulation by remarking the type of dysfunction and the orientation of the correcting maneuver in patients with iliosacral joint dysfunctions. Methods: Sixty women with ant innominate or post innominate dysfunctions were gathered for the research and divided into two groups, treatment group received a session of manipulation and the control group randomly (N=30). The range of flexion and extension of the lumbar, internal

Aims Little is known of the short-term effects of combined aerobic and strengthening exercises—as components of phase III cardiac rehabilitation— in patients of Middle Eastern origin who have undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This study aimed to assess the efficacy of exercise protocols used during phase III cardiac rehabilitation of patients from Iran who had undergone this procedure. Methods The study compared the effect of combined aerobic and strengthening exercises vs aerobics alone on the functional capacity, muscle strength, serum lipids and blood pressure of 88 patients, 4-5 weeks after CABG. A control group performed aerobics while three experimental groups performed combined aerobic and strengthening exercises, 5 days a week over 5 weeks. The functional capacity, muscle strength and serum lipids were determined at baseline and specific time points during the study. Heart rate and blood pressure were measured before and after each session. Findings The combined exercise protocols improved the functional capacity and muscle strength to a significantly greater extent than the aerobic protocol. Serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins and triglyceride levels decreased insignificantly, however, the high-density lipoproteins level increased significantly in all groups. Systolic blood pressure declined insignificantly but the diastolic blood pressure remained unchanged in all groups. Conclusions The results suggest that the combined exercises were superior to the aerobics alone for positive changes in patients’ functional capacity and muscle strength, with effects lasting up to follow-up.

Objective. The objectives of this study were to investigate the impact of two application methods of kinesio taping on gait initiation (GI) profile of athletes with and without functional ankle instability (FAI): 1) distal (applied on the peroneus longus muscle), 2) proximal-distal (applied on gluteus medius and peroneus longus muscles). Methods. Experiment consisted of a test-retest study of the immediate-term effects of the two methods of kinesio taping in two separate weeks on GI profile in 15 athletes with FAI and 15 healthy athletes. Participants performed bare feet GI on a force plate which captured center of pressure (COP). The GI profile was separated into three phases (anticipatory, weight transfer, and locomotive) and two directions (anteroposterior, mediolateral). The averages of 3 trials were used for analyses. Multifactorial repeated measure ANOVA were used for comparison of the two application methods and both group of participants. Results. There weren't any significant result for factor effect and group effect for all of the 9 variables of the study (P > 0.05). Also, we did not observe any significant group by factor interaction effects (P > 0.05), indicating that each group respond to the interventions in a similar pattern. Conclusion. The distal or proximal-distal application of kinesio taping had no impact on GI profile of athletes with and without FAI. We concluded that it is better to assess the long-term effects of kinesio taping in the ore challenging environment and tasks.

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a phase II cardiac rehabilitation programme on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) domains in cardiac patients following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The study looked at post-CABG patients of Iranian origin who had been admitted to the Tehran Heart Center, Iran. Forty-four patients aged between 40–60 years, participated in the programme, 4–5 weeks after CABG. The SF-36 Health Survey was used to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) domains before and after the programme, and at 3-month follow-up. The data were then compared with corresponding values for 882 healthy Iranian individuals of similar ages from the general population. The programme was safe and well-tolerated. The mean scores for all patients showed significant gains in all HRQoL domains, both at last exercise session and follow-up. Compared with mean scores at the last exercise session, the values at follow-up remained essentially unchanged in five domains. There were further significant gains in the mean scores for Role physical, Role Emotion and Bodily Pain at follow-up. The results suggest that the programme produced significant short-term and long-term improvements in physical, mental and emotional aspects of the patients' quality of life in this patients Further research is needed to correlate the values of the SF-36 scores with clinical outcomes, and to investigate the mechanisms by which the programme is effective.

Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) is a common muscular disorder characterized by a referral pain to a particular area after irritating the myofascial trigger point. This study aimed to determine the combined treatment effect of laser therapy and ischemic compression of an active myofascial trigger point in the upper trapezius muscle. Materials and Methods:This is a clinical trial study conducted on 15 subjects with Active Trigger Points (ATPs). In one session, 15 subjects received laser therapy and ischemic compression. The assessment was done immediately after the treatment. We used the visual analog scale for the measurement of pain intensity, algometry (FG-5020, Taiwan made) for pressure pain threshold, and goniometer for cervical lateral flexion. Results:The cervical lateral flexion after the intervention was significantly higher than that before the intervention (P<0.001). Also, the post-operative pressure pain threshold was significantly higher than that before the intervention (P<0.001). The level of pain decreased after the intervention, but this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.90). Conclusion:according to this study, the laser therapy combined with ischemic compression can significantly change the pressure pain threshold and cervical lateral flexion in patients with active trigger points in their upper trapezius muscles.

Background: The most widely used graft as a replacement in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is the semitendinosus (ST) tendon graft. After harvesting for ACL reconstruction, the hamstring tendon regenerates in most people and becomes similar to normal. The effect of graft harvest on muscle morphology and function remains unclear. The present study aimed to examine the morphology of the ST during isometric contraction after harvesting the ST tendon for ACL reconstruction. Methods: Maximal isometric contractions of the knee flexors from two angular positions were performed by 8 participants, at least 1 year after ACL reconstruction with an ST tendon graft and 8 matched controls. Ultrasonographic images were used to measure the pennation angle and muscle thickness of the ST muscle. Results: There was not a statistically significant difference in pennation angle values between the control group and the group who underwent ACL reconstruction (p >0.05). Muscle thickness was significantly higher in the ACLR group compared with controls (p< 0.05). Conclusions: Individuals who underwent ACL reconstruction display a higher ST muscle thickness but similar pennation angle compared with controls. This indicates that ACL reconstruction has an effect on ST muscle belly but effect on force generation capacity is rather limited. Level of evidence: IIb.

Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorders are among the main causes of disability in modern life. Myofascial trigger points are very common among musculoskeletal disorders and may occur through ordinary common activities. This study aimed to determine the combined effects of laser therapy and Ischemic Compression (IC) on the treatment of Myofascial Trigger Points (MTrPs) at the upper trapezius muscle. Materials and Methods: Twenty men with at least one active trigger point at their upper trapezius muscle voluntarily participated in this study. Trigger  points  were under treatment of laser irradiation (6 Joules per point) and also ischemic compression. Treatment approaches were applied over the pain point every other day for 5 sessions in 10 days. Neck disability index, pain intensity by visual analog scale, pressure pain threshold by algometry, and cervical lateral flexion by goniometer were assessed and recorded before the intervention, and immediately after the last session. Results: At the end of treatment, statistically significant improvements were seen in the neck disability index, VAS value, pressure pain threshold, and cervical lateral flexion. VAS values of the treatment and control groups were compared with the baseline (P<0.001). Conclusion: Application of combined laser and compression therapy was effective on the pain and level of disability of patients with trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle.

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