The lithium-ion batteries used in electric vehicles have a shorter lifespan than other vehicle components, and the degradation mechanism inside these batteries reduces their life even more. Battery degradation is considered a significant issue in battery research and can increase the vehicle's reliability and economic concerns. This study highlights the degradation mechanisms in lithium-ion batteries. The aging mechanism inside a battery cannot be eliminated but can be minimized depending on the vehicle's operating conditions. Different operating conditions affect the aging mechanism differently. Knowing the factors and how they impact battery capacity is crucial for minimizing degradation. This paper explains the detailed degradation mechanism inside the battery first. Then, the major factors responsible for the degradation and their effects on the battery during the operation of electric vehicles are discussed. Also, the different techniques used to model the degradation of a battery and predict its remaining life are explained in-depth, along with the techniques to abate the aging process. Finally, this study focuses on the research gaps, difficulties in predicting the lifetime, and reducing the degradation mechanism of a battery used in electric vehicles.

Power systems based on centralized production are facing two limitations: the lack of fossil fuels and the need to reduce pollution; Therefore, the importance of distributed generation resources (DGs) has increased by connecting renewable energy systems to the network. With the increasing penetration of renewable energies in the network, power quality challenges in low voltage and medium voltage distribution systems have become one of the main fields of studies. Since most of the renewable energy systems are connected to the network with the help of electronic power converters devices and the main purpose of these converters is to connect DGs to the network in compliance with power quality standards; Therefore, if the switching frequency of inverters is not implemented properly, major power quality problems will be created. On the other hand, the reduction in power quality causes acute problems in power networks, which include lack of proper performance, reduction in useful life and efficiency of electrical and electronic devices in the network, creation of series and parallel resonance in some harmonics due to the presence of inductors and the capacitor, and as a result, more distortion in the voltage of the distribution network. This paper actually provides a road-map for researchers to investigate power quality issues. In other words, the mentioned cases show the importance of research and providing the solutions to improving power quality in distribution networks.

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