This is the first study which presents the promising use of biomass sorghum (genetically modified sorghum to increase its biomass content) as an alternative carbon source for the production of enzymes by SSF.

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This study evaluated the effects of three chemical pretreatments of biomass sorghum (BS): dilute alkaline (PTA1 and PTA2), dilute acid (PTB1 and PTB2) and alkaline hydrogen peroxide (PTC1 and PTC2) in the enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol production. Among the six investigated conditions, the pretreatment with 7.36% H2O2 (PTC2) was the most efficient in the lignin removal and preservation of the polysaccharide fraction. After the enzymatic hydrolysis, increases in the glucose and xylose concentrations were observed in the pretreated BS hydrolysates, mainly in PTB1 and PTC1. All the hydrolysates obtained low concentrations of inhibitors. In the alcoholic fermentations with Pichia stiptis, the greatest ethanol yield was HIGHLIGHTS  Alkaline, acid and alkaline peroxide pretreatments were evaluated in biomass sorghum hydrolysis. Acid and H2O2 pretreatments were the best in holocellulose protection and lignin removal. Highest monosaccharide yields were in hydrolysis of PTB1 (HCl 0.34%) and PTC1 (5% H2O2).  Greatest ethanol yield was obtained in PTB1 hydrolysate (16.15%).dos Santos, B.V; et al.