Glutamic acid is the main excitatory neurotransmitter acting both in the brain and in peripheral tissues. Abnormal distribution of glutamic acid receptors occurs in skin hyperproliferative conditions such as psoriasis and skin regeneration; however, the biological function of glutamic acid in the skin remains unclear. Using ex vivo, in vivo and in silico approaches, we showed that exogenous glutamic acid promotes hair growth and keratinocyte proliferation. Topical application of glutamic acid decreased the expression of genes related to apoptosis in the skin, whereas glutamic acid increased cell viability and proliferation in human keratinocyte cultures. In addition, we identified the keratinocyte glutamic acid excitotoxic concentration, providing evidence for the existence of a novel skin signalling pathway mediated by a neurotransmitter that controls keratinocyte and hair follicle proliferation. Thus, glutamic acid emerges as a component of the peripheral nervous system that acts to control cell growth in the skin. These results raise the perspective of the pharmacological and nutritional use of glutamic acid to treat skin diseases.
Glutamic Acid is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in neurons. Abnormal distributions of the glutamic acid receptors have been shown in hyper proliferative models such as psoriasis and skin regeneration. However, the biological function of glutamic acid in the skin remains unclear. Using ex vivo, in vivo and in silico approaches, we showed for the first time that exogenous glutamic acid promotes hair growth and keratinocyte proliferation. Topical application of glutamic acid decreased expression of genes related to apoptosis signaling in the skin. Also, we showed Glutamic acid increased viability and proliferation in cultured human keratinocyte. For the first time, we identified the excitotoxic GA concentration and we provided evidence for the existence of a novel skin signaling pathway mediated by a neurotransmitter controlling keratinocyte and hair follicle proliferation. In perspective, we anticipate our results could be the starting point to elucidate how exogenous glutamic acid from food intake or even endogenous GA from neuropsychiatric disorders modulate skin diseases.
Febre é aumento da temperatura. Profissionais de enfermagem são os primeiros a detectá-la e devem planejar cuidados que incluam a medida da temperatura. O objetivo desta pesquisa é identificar e avaliar intervenções de enfermagem diante do aumento da temperatura. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa a partir de análise documental por meio de prontuários. Os dados foram submetidos a análise descritiva. Foram feitas comparações entre as duas avaliações (temperatura e frequência respiratória) no primeiro momento após verificação do pico febril e na verificação posterior, sendo aplicado o teste de Wilcoxon pareado. Para todas as analises estatísticas foram utilizados os softwares estatísticos SAS versão 9.4 e SPSS versão 22. Como resultado, verificou-se que a conduta no que se refere ao manejo imediato da febre é majoritariamente a administração de fármacos e pouco é explorado em relação as intervenções não farmacológicas. Observamos também uma inadequação de condutas no que se refere ao acompanhamento e avaliação posterior dos episódios de febre, sendo o intervalo médio entre as aferições de 2h28 minutos. O registro da enfermagem é outra problemática, muitas vezes incompleto, rasurado, ilegível, negligenciado, sem data/hora, anotado no local errado, desconfigurando assim sua característica como documento legal e podendo ser reflexo de uma má qualidade de assistência.
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