The aim of the article is to show how important factor is the functionality of the interior of the car. The right choice of car and the selection of matching equipment for a person with motor constraints is a very important process. Buying one vehicle for drivers who have different needs and driving abilities is a difficult challenge. A well-made decision can significantly improve the safety conditions while driving. The content provides an overview of the problems related to making such a decision and discusses preliminary guidelines regarding the selection of adaptive devices for the type of vehicle body.
This article presents the research which resulted in the creation of the method of automatic selection of adaptive devices for the needs of drivers with motor disabilities – ASA System. An expert system was used to build the method, which used databases from various fields of knowledge in the inference process. The databases were created on the basis of an analysis of the literature on the mobility of people with disabilities, a review of the operation of companies specializing in adaptations, verification of adaptive devices in terms of their functions, as well as various categories of disability. The knowledge of the individual selection of adaptive devices and expertize in this area made for specific recipients were used. Based on the accumulated knowledge, a simplified division of adaptive devices and classification of disabilities were implemented. The conclusions from analyses made it possible to formulate the rules necessary for the application process. A comparative analysis of the degree of consistency between the selection of devices generated by the ASA System (automatically) and the selection made by three experts (individually) for 44 people with various motor disabilities, was carried out. The results obtained confirmed usefulness of the expert system in building the method of automatic selection of adaptive devices, as well as the rightness of automating this process, due to the objectivity of the proposed method in comparison with individual, subjective selection carried out by experts.
In 2020, there was the 5th anniversary of establishing, by the Director of the Motor Transport Institute, the Automotive Service Centre for the Disabled Persons together with the National Information Point, the only information, training and research centre in Poland, supporting the community of people with physical disabilities in the area of mobility. This study is an overview of the research and social work to date, scientific publications and pro-social tasks that contributed to the development of motorism in this social group. Such activities are part of the mission of the Institute, which coordinates and promotes scientific research and development works in the field of road transport, while developing innovative technical, organizational and economic solutions. ASC is an example of an innovative comprehensive organizational solution, based on the needs of people with disabilities.
The article presents the characteristics of a case study - stroke survivors with unilateral neglect syndrome, mechanisms used in re-education training and elements of functional rehabilitation. The focus was on an important diagnostic problem in the field of occupational medicine and the return to driving for people after stroke. The aim of the research work undertaken was to justify the experimental description of the driver after a stroke and to confirm the possibility of returning to driving, including compulsory re-education. Literature analysis, review of legal acts, characteristics of adaptation devices and conclusions from the case study were also carried out.
To the continuous development of technology, more and more opportunities are opened in issues related to the mobility of people with disabilities. One of the problems among these drivers is the relatively fast fatigue caused by driving. The basic solution is of course the optimization of adaptive devices in terms of ergonomics. At the same time, a new technological trend is emerging in the form of autonomous cars. There is therefore the possibility of partially relieving drivers with physical disabilities. People susceptible to fast fatigue at the wheel, they will be able to rest periodically, thanks to the support of driving the car by autonomous driving. This article focuses on combining the types of motor dysfunctions with the available autonomous driving capabilities. Applications are based on tests carried out at the Motor Transport Institute in cooperation with Tesla Warszawa. The autonomous functions will be described on the basis of the possibilities offered on Tesla cars, with the autopilot of the 2nd generation, with software version 9.0. It seems that at the current level one can talk about significant help in driving a car that improves the mobility conditions of people with motor dysfunctions. In the light of this observation, also the estimation regarding the usefulness of future solutions seems to be unequivocally decided to support the legitimacy of the development of autonomous driving technology.
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