The potential of a-particle emitters to treat cancer has been recognized since the early 1900s. Advances in the targeted delivery of radionuclides and radionuclide conjugation chemistry, and the increased availability of a-emitters appropriate for clinical use, have recently led to patient trials of radiopharmaceuticals labeled with a-particle emitters. Although a-emitters have been studied for many decades, their current use in humans for targeted therapy is an important milestone. The objective of this work is to review those aspects of the field that are pertinent to targeted a-particle emitter therapy and to provide guidance and recommendations for human a-particle emitter dosimetry.

Recurrent and injurious falls are common after hip fracture and are associated with multiple risk factors, many of which are treatable. Interventions should therefore be tailored to alleviating or reversing any nutritional, physiological, and psychosocial risk factors of individual patients.

Control of micrometastatic pancreatic cancer remains a major objective in pancreatic cancer treatment. The overexpression of MUC1 mucin plays an important role in cancer metastasis. The aim of this study was to detect the expression of MUC1 in human primary tumour tissues and three pancreatic cancer cell lines (CAPAN-1, CFPAC-1 and PANC-1), and target MUC1-positive cancer cells in vitro using 213 Bi-C595 alpha-immunoconjugate (AIC). The expression of MUC1 on pancreatic tumour tissues and cancer cell lines was performed by immunohistochemistry and further confirmed by confocal microscope and flow cytometry analysis on the cell surface. Cytotoxicity of 213 Bi-C595 was tested by MTS assay. Apoptosis was documented using TUNEL assay. Overexpression of MUC1 was found in B90% of tested tumour samples and the three pancreatic cancer cell lines. 213 Bi-C595 is specifically cytotoxic to pancreatic cancer cells in a concentration-dependent fashion. These results suggest that overexpression of MUC1 in pancreatic cancer is a useful target, and that the novel 213 Bi-C595 AIC selectively targets pancreatic cancer cells in vitro. 213 Bi-C595 may be a useful agent for the treatment of micrometastases or minimal residual disease (MRD) in pancreatic cancer patients with overexpression of MUC1 antigen.

The estimation of TBW varies significantly depending on the method of calculation. BIA is the most accurate surrogate marker for the measurement of both TBW and other parameters of body composition.

Molecular changes are vital for the development of prognostic markers and therapeutic modalities of prostate cancer (CaP). There is growing interest in mucins as treatment targets in human malignancies, including CaP. The role of their expression in the progression of CaP is however unclear. We examined the expressions MUC1, MUC2, MUC4, MUC5AC and MUC6 in CaP tissues using tissue microarrays (TMAs) to look for tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) for targeted therapy. In this study, 120 paraffin-embedded specimens were selected from patients who underwent radical retro-pubic prostatectomy (RRP) or trans-urethral-resection of the prostate (TURP) for primary, untreated CaP and 10 matched lymph node metastases. A series of MUC monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) was used on TMAs by standard immunohistochemistry. Our results indicate that the over-expression of MUC1 was detected in 58% of primary CaP tissues and 90% of lymph node metastases but not in normal prostate or benign tissues, while the expression of MUC2, MUC4, MUC5AC and MUC6 was found to be negative in both normal and cancer tissues. Of the MUC1 positive tumors 86% were Gleason grade 7 or higher. Over-expression of MUC1 was found in late stage CaP while MUC2, 4, 5AC and 6 were negative in CaP. MUC1 is a TAA that is highly related to tumor progression in CaP patients. This antigen is ideal for targeted therapy to control micrometastases and hormone refractory disease but additional studies are necessary to assess its usefulness in patient biopsies and CaP bone metastases before clinical trial.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract