BACKGROUND AND PURPOSEInhaled corticosteroids, anticholinergics and b2-adrenoceptor agonists are frequently combined for treating chronic respiratory diseases. We examine the corticosteroid, budesonide, and novel NO-donating derivative, TPI 1020, against histamine-and methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction and whether they enhance the b2-adrenoceptor agonist formoterol or muscarinic antagonist tiotropium in conscious guinea pigs.
EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHDunkin-Hartley guinea pigs received inhaled histamine (3 mM) or methacholine (1.5 mM) and specific airway conductance (sGaw) was measured before and 15 or 75 min after treatment with budesonide, TPI 1020, tiotropium or formoterol alone or in combinations.
KEY RESULTSFormoterol (0.7-10 mM) and budesonide (0.11-0.7 mM) inhibited histamine-induced bronchoconstriction and tiotropium (2-20 mM) inhibited methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction by up to 70.8 Ϯ 16.6%, 34.9 Ϯ 4.4% and 85.1 Ϯ 14.3%, respectively. Formoterol (2.5 mM) or tiotropium (2 mM) alone exerted small non-significant bronchoprotection. However, when co-administered with TPI 1020 0.11 mM, which alone had no significant effect, there was significant inhibition of the bronchoconstriction (45.7 Ϯ 12.2% and 79.7 Ϯ 21.4%, respectively). Co-administering budesonide (0.11 mM) with tiotropium (2 mM), which alone had no effect, also significantly inhibited the methacholine bronchoconstriction (36.5 Ϯ 13.0%), but there was no potentiation of formoterol against histamine. The NO scavenger, CPTIO, prevented the bronchoprotection by SNAPand TPI 1020.
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONSTPI 1020 potentiated the bronchoprotection by formoterol and tiotropium. Budesonide also enhanced the effects of tiotropium but not formoterol. Combination of TPI 1020 with a long-acting b2-adrenoceptor agonist or muscarinic receptor antagonist may therefore be a more potent therapeutic approach for treatment of chronic respiratory diseases.
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