Rate of resolution of mastocytosis is only shown in urticaria pigmentosa and mastocytoma. Better management guidelines are required to improve the health of these patients.

Within the broad category of adverse drug reactions in children, there has been a recent focus specifically on the evaluation of children with antibiotic allergy, in particular, beta-lactam allergy. The potential consequences of being labeled beta-lactam allergy are increasingly recognized. Appropriate evaluation of children with suspected reactions to antibiotics is essential as it is increasingly being recognized that the label of “penicillin allergy” is associated with adverse health and economic outcomes. This review will focus on the 3 main classes of antibiotics reported to cause allergic reactions in children: beta lactams (penicillin derivatives and cephalosporins), macrolides, and sulfonamides. This article is a narrative review of the prevalence, diagnosis, and management of different types of antibiotic allergies in children. Our review reveals that antibiotic allergy is often overreported and not appropriately diagnosed in the pediatric age groups. There is a recent shift in the diagnostic paradigm from the use of skin tests and if negative challenges to the use of challenge only in the pediatric age group. Larger studies to establish the usefulness and safety of this new approach as well as updated guidelines are needed.

Omalizumab (Xolair ) is an anti-IgE monoclonal antibody, which may benefit adults with systemic mastocytosis. We report effective treatment with omalizumab in two toddlers with severe diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis. Our cases offer preliminary evidence to support the safe use of omalizumab in paediatric patients with cutaneous mastocytosis.

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IntroductionStreptococcus pneumoniae is an uncommon etiologic agent in soft-tissue infections.Case presentationWe report the case of a 35-year-old Caucasian woman who presented to our facility with puerperal pneumococcal mastitis, and review the only other three cases of pneumococcal mastitis described in the medical literature.ConclusionsThe roles of the various pneumococcal vaccines in preventing this disease are discussed.

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune intraepithelial bullous disease that affects the skin and mucous membranes. Typically, the management of PV is challenging, with systemic corticosteroids being the mainstay of treatment. We describe the case of a 14‐year‐old girl who was diagnosed with oral PV and successfully treated with topical corticosteroids alone. This case details a pediatric mucosal PV case successfully managed solely with topical corticosteroids.

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