RESUMO Objetivo: integrar evidências científicas sobre o perfil de habilidades linguísticas na dislexia do desenvolvimento e no transtorno do desenvolvimento da linguagem, para melhor compreensão de possíveis condições comórbidas ou quadros isolados. Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. A busca ocorreu nas bases de dados: Scielo, Eric e LILACS, bem como no buscador PubMed. Os critérios de inclusão foram: 1) estudos publicados nos periódicos nacionais e internacionais, gratuitos, com texto completo e disponível; 2) que abordem a temática nos últimos 10 anos; 3) em inglês e/ou português. Revisão da Literatura: a busca contou com 654 artigos. A amostra final foi composta por dez artigos, nos quais cinco estudos são concordantes quanto à hipótese de que dislexia e transtorno do desenvolvimento da linguagem, podem ser transtornos comórbidos, com prejuízos na leitura, na escrita e na consciência fonológica; os demais estudos descrevem déficits mais amplos de linguagem nas crianças somente com transtorno do desenvolvimento da linguagem, implicados na decodificação e compreensão da linguagem, enquanto na dislexia os déficits estão associados ao processamento fonológico. Conclusão: não há consenso se a dislexia e o transtorno do desenvolvimento da linguagem ocorrem simultaneamente em crianças. No entanto, ambos conferem riscos à compreensão leitora e ao desempenho escolar.
RESUMO Objetivo Descrever e relacionar o desempenho do vocabulário receptivo em escolares com dificuldades de aprendizagem de diferentes gêneros, escolaridades e níveis socioeconômicos. Métodos Estudo documental, entre 2017 e 2019, considerando os dados demográficos gênero, escolaridade e nível socioeconômico da família. Os prontuários incluídos foram aqueles com avaliação fonoaudiológica completa. Para verificar o nível socioeconômico da família, foi utilizado o questionário da Associação Brasileira de Empresas de Pesquisa - ABEP e, para a habilidade do vocabulário receptivo, o Teste de Vocabulário por Figuras USP - TVfusp 139o. Nesse teste, o desempenho em vocabulário é classificado como “muito rebaixado”, “rebaixado”, “médio”, “elevado” e “muito elevado”. Para o critério de classificação apresentar-se na média, o escore de acertos por escolaridade é de 105,8 para o 2º ano, 112,8 para o 3º ano e 117,4 para o 4º ano. Resultados Dos 46 participantes da amostra, 31 (67,4%) eram do gênero masculino e 15 (32,6%) do feminino, com predomínio de estudantes no 4º ano (34,80%) e classe socioeconômica entre os níveis B2 e D-E. Na avaliação do vocabulário, 28 (60%) participantes obtiveram classificação média. Houve correlação entre a escolaridade e o desempenho em vocabulário receptivo (p=0,008) e entre a idade e o desempenho em vocabulário receptivo (p=0,007). Conclusão O desempenho em vocabulário receptivo avançou com a idade e a escolaridade, porém, não houve influência do nível socioeconômico.
Purpose: to verify the influence of bilingualism on the development of phonological awareness. Methods: this is an integrative literature review, built on the hypothesis of the relationship between bilingualism and its influence on the development of phonological skills in children. The construction was carried out in the databases: CAPES, Pubmed, Scielo, Eric, and LILACS, using the following free terms in Portuguese and English: bilingualism AND phonology, bilingualism AND phonological awareness and bilingualism AND phonological skills. The sample selection criteria were: a) scientific papers published in national and international journals with full text, free and available in the database; b) in English and Portuguese; c) that addressed the theme in the last five years. For the selection of the papers, reading the title, followed by the summary, and finally, reading the papers potentially relevant for review were considered. Results: following the eligibility criteria, 2,578 papers were identified. Of these, 87 were selected for complete analysis. The final sample consisted of eight papers, two of them being written by Brazilian authors. Of these, five showed better phonological awareness skills in bilinguals and two in monolinguals. Studies point out that age can be a predictor of language skills and better phonological awareness skills associated with good reading development. Bilinguals, early exposed to this skill, develop reading by phonology and those with late exposition, by semantics. Conclusion: the present study demonstrated that there are still controversies regarding the impacts of bilingualism on phonological awareness, including on the benefits of phonological awareness.
Purpose: to characterize the profile of scientific production in the international literature on phonological awareness in bilingual children between 2011 and 2020. Methods: a bibliometric analysis was made with the search for articles in ERIC, LILACS, MEDLINE, and SciELO databases, using descriptors in English. The articles were selected based on the eligibility criteria, by reading the titles, then reading the abstracts, and lastly, reading the full-text articles. Results: a total of 1,167 articles were analyzed, 1,152 of which were excluded for not meeting the inclusion criteria. Hence, 15 articles were selected for full-text reading and bibliometric analysis. The United States was the country with most publications, followed by Brazil, Singapore, and China. The approach of the studies was predominantly quantitative, followed by qualitative; the most common type of study was cross-sectional, with samples of more than 100 participants. Conclusion: there was a greater number of publications in the last 3 years, most of them cross-sectional ones, presenting better phonological awareness performance among bilinguals, with positive results in reading.
Purpose: to gather scientific evidence on the linguistic skill profile in developmental dyslexia and developmental language disorder to better understand possible comorbid or isolated conditions. Methods: an integrative review of the literature. The search was conducted in SciELO, ERIC, LILACS, and PubMed. The inclusion criteria were as follows: 1) studies published and available in open-access national and international journals in full text; 2) addressing the topic in the last 10 years; 3) in English and/or Portuguese. Literature Review: the search retrieved 654 articles, the final sample comprising 10, 5 of which agreed with the hypothesis that dyslexia and developmental language disorder can be comorbid disorders, impairing reading, writing, and phonological awareness. The other studies described broader language deficits in children with developmental language disorder alone, affecting language decoding and comprehension, whereas deficits in dyslexia are more associated with phonological processing. Conclusion: there is no consensus on whether dyslexia and developmental language disorders occur simultaneously in children. However, both pose risks to reading comprehension and school performance.
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