Hermeneutic competences are assigned to human nature, they are related to the substance of humanity and they are the core of the functioning of man in the world as they are distinguished by responsibility and the ability to understand, read and shape oneself and the surrounding environment of life as significant entireties constituted by senses. And their development is conditioned by the vertical and horizontal combination of various biological and cultural factors. In this context, academic education preparing for social professions in the areas such as pedagogy or social work should create proper conditions for the acquisition and improvement of the ability to refer professional and methodological knowledge to individual situations and people experiencing them and for understanding them. The article par exemple analyses and interprets methods of developing hermeneutic competences, and also outlines a new proposal of basing this process on the dynamisms of human existence.
This article discusses hermeneutic competences not only comprehensively, but also vertically and horizontally, emphasizing their family determinants in particular. In such a proposed set and arrangement of content it seems possible not only to isolate the essence of those competences, but also deepen their understanding, or even initiate a dialogue and a discussion about the need for and possibilities of their improvement and acquisition during academic education for social professions. The basis of hermeneutic competences is understanding oneself, another human being, and the world and their deep, humanistic sense manifests itself in the attitude towards an individual, realised in interactions; a broad spectrum of knowledge oscillating around certainty and uncertainty and between scientific knowledge and knowledge based on biographical experience or practical professional skills; a capability of deepened reflection, endurance and acceptance of reality, even if it is opaque and not always possible to plan for, and not persuading ourselves and others that that we have everything under control.
In the contemporary world of constant civilization, socio-cultural and educational changes, a certain paradox is observed. Experiencing a huge number of theoretical ideals of upbringing as well as concepts concerning a man, their selection and implementation cause the feeling of surprise and considerable doubt. A man often goes through dilemmas operating on the basis of imbalanced ambivalence among extreme models, e.g. they look after their own body and please it. They do not care about their humanity and even commit spiritual suicide. In this context, there is a need to characterize homo hermeneuticus a man who understands, explains, analyzes and interprets themselves, the world and other people. They focus on discovering and taking care of a man in a man. Outlining such an image of the ideal and the model of upbringing has become the topic of this study.
The aim of the paper is to present the cult of St. Roch in the context of the role of a patron protecting against diseases, traditionally assigned to him. First the person of St. Roch is characterized, then the qualities of folk medicine are presented, and finally, the traditional ways of preventing and treating some illnesses are shown. Nowadays, knowledge about that seems very important in upbringing and should be transmitted and cherished not only as the testimony of life and struggle with problems of previous generations, but first of all because of the values inherent to folk culture and traditional medicine, such as unlimited patient care, serving the suffering and staying at the margin of social life
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