We conducted an anonymous survey of providers who care for older adults from 10 Veterans Affairs long-term care facilities to assess their knowledge, beliefs and confidence towards treating infections and antimicrobial stewardship. The average score on 5 questions assessing knowledge was 3.6/5.0 (95% CI 3.3 - 3.9), which supports a need for education regarding the care of older adults with infections.

Background To support the role of nurses as active proponents of antimicrobial stewardship in long-term care facilities, we developed an educational intervention consisting of a free online course comprised of 6 interactive modules. Here, we report the effect of the course on the knowledge, beliefs and attitudes towards antimicrobial stewardship of nurses working in long-term care facilities. Measurements We used a paired pre- and post-course survey instrument to assess nurses’ knowledge regarding the care of long-term care facility residents with infections as well as attitudes and beliefs regarding antimicrobial stewardship. Results 103 respondents, RNs or LPNs, completed the pre and post-surveys. Their mean knowledge scores improved, from 75% (pre-course) to 86% (post-course, P < 0.001). Following the course, nurses’ agreement that their role influences whether or not residents receive antimicrobials increased significantly (P < 0.001). Discussion The online course improves nurses’ knowledge regarding the care of long-term care facility residents with infections and improves their confidence to engage in antimicrobial stewardship activities. Conclusion Empowering nurses to be antimicrobial stewards may help reduce unnecessary antibiotic use among institutionalized older adults.

We describe a course in the Veterans Affairs (VA) Employee Education System designed to engage nursing staff working in VA long-term care facilities as partners in antimicrobial stewardship. We found that the course addressed an important knowledge gap. Our outcomes suggest opportunities to engage nursing staff in advancing antimicrobial stewardship, particularly in the long-term care setting.

The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has found distance education to be particularly valuable as a means to disseminate information to large numbers of busy learners in geographically diverse settings. Specifically, Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Centers (GRECCs) of the VA have used various forms of distance learning to provide geriatrics-focused education to diverse health care providers. Such formats allow programs to be available to audiences regardless of distance or time. Although the distance-learning format has clear benefits, there are also some barriers that have hindered its wider adoption, including technical difficulties and ease of use. Organizers of distance education programs are challenged to overcome these barriers to provide a quality learning experience for the audience. The GRECCs will likely continue to be leaders in exploring innovative distance-learning strategies to accomplish their mission of quality geriatric education.

IntroductionCompared with younger populations, adults 65 years and older are more likely to suffer infection-related morbidity and mortality, experience antibiotic-related adverse events, and acquire multidrug-resistant organisms. We developed a series of case-based discussions that stressed antibiotic stewardship while addressing management of common infections in older adults.MethodsFive 1-hour case-based discussions address recognition, diagnosis, and management of infections common in older adults, including those living in long-term care settings: urinary tract infections, upper respiratory tract infections, lower respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and Clostridium difficile infection. The education was implemented at the skilled nursing centers at 15 Veterans Affairs medical centers. Participants from an array of disciplines completed an educational evaluation for each session as well as a pre- and postcourse knowledge assessment.ResultsThe number of respondents to the educational evaluation administered following each session ranged from 68 to 108. Learners agreed that each session met its learning objectives (4.80–4.89 on a 5-point Likert scale, 5 = strongly agree) and that they were likely to make changes (2.50–2.89 on a 3-point scale, 3 = highly likely to make changes). The average score on the five-question knowledge assessment increased from 3.6 (72%) to 3.9 (78%, p = .06).DiscussionBy stressing recognition of atypical signs and symptoms of infection in older adults, diagnostic tests, and antibiotic stewardship, this series of five case-based discussions enhanced clinical training of learners from several disciplines.

The antiarrhythmic efficacy and safety of intravenous recainam, a newly synthesized compound displaying potent class I antiarrhythmic activity, were tested in 10 hospitalized patients with frequent (greater than 30/h) complex ventricular ectopic beats. There were seven men and three women of average age 57 years (range 21 to 74); five had ischemic heart disease, three had cardiomyopathy and two had valvular heart disease. Recainam was given as a 3.0 mg/kg per 40 min loading infusion followed by a 0.9 mg/kg per h maintenance infusion over a 24 hour observation period. Arrhythmia response was assessed both in the short term (comparing 2 hours before and 1 hour after drug loading) and in the long term (comparing 48 hours before drug loading and 23 hours of maintenance infusion). The median frequency of total premature ventricular complexes decreased in the short term by 99.6% (from 392.5 to 1.5/h, p less than 0.005) and in the long term by 99.7% (from 435 to 1.3/h, p less than 0.01). Repetitive beats were suppressed by a median of 100% both in the short term (p less than 0.006) and during 24 hour infusion (from 80.9 to 0/h, p less than 0.003). More than 90% suppression of repetitive beats occurred in all 10 patients (100%) and more than 90% suppression of total arrhythmias occurred in 9 patients (90%) during the maintenance period. Electrocardiographic PR and QRS intervals increased by 19% (p less than 0.001) and 24% (p less than 0.003), respectively, during therapy, but the JTc interval decreased (p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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BackgroundHealthcare facilities without access to infectious diseases (ID) expertise may struggle to implement effective antibiotic stewardship programs. In August 2016, we launched a pilot project using the Veterans Affairs (VA) telehealth system to form a Videoconference Antimicrobial Stewardship Team (VAST) to connect a multidisciplinary team from a rural VA medical center with ID physicians at a remote site to support antibiotic stewardship. Here, we present preliminary outcomes summarizing antibiotic use at a rural VA medical center with 27 acute and 162 long-term care beds before and after the VAST implementation.MethodsWeekly VAST meetings began in August 2016. Using VHA databases, we determined the agent days (number of days a patient received a particular agent), the antibiotic days (the number of days a patient received any antibiotic) and length of therapy. We compared the rates of agent days and antibiotics days per 1000 bed days of care (BDOC) in the pre- implementation (January 2016–July 2016) and post- implementation periods (September 2016–March 2017) for acute and long-term care units.ResultsIn acute care, agent days, antibiotic days and length of therapy did not change notably after VAST implementation (table). For long-term care, agent days decreased by 45%, antibiotic days by 42% and length of therapy by 37%. Also, the ratio of agent days to antibiotic days reveals that in acute care patients received on average 1.5 antibiotics (pre- and during the VAST) compared with 1.2 (pre-VAST) and 1.1 (during the VAST) in long-term care. Acute Care Long-Term Care Outcomes Measures Pre-VASTVASTReductionPre-VASTVASTReductionAgent Days/1000 BDOC100899612 (1%)623428 (45%)Antibiotic Days/1000 BDOC6536449 (1%)523022 (42%)Mean Length of Therapy (days)4.574.460.12 (3%)8.935.603.33 (37%)Conclusion Weekly multidisciplinary VAST meetings led to decreased rates of antibiotic use and length of therapy in the long-term but not acute care units of a rural VA medical center. Reasons for these differences may relate to the long-term care setting, which is an environment that permits active monitoring off antibiotics. Other possible reasons include differences in patient acuity and provider practice patterns.Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.