Rationale Inflammatory bowel diseases − Crohn's Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) − are chronic disorders associated, for several reasons, with psychological symptoms and stigmatization of patients. Aim To compare individuals with and without inflammatory bowel diseases in relation to the prevalence of anxiety and depression. Method The psychological aspect was analyzed using two globally validated questionnaires − the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the General Anxiety Disorder questionnaire (GAD-7) − in addition to a sociodemographic questionnaire. Data collection was carried out in three groups, each one consisting of 100 individuals; the first comprising outpatients with a diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases, the second comprising outpatients without a diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases and the third by non-outpatients without a diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases. Results The groups were similar regarding gender, ethnicity, marital status and tobacco use. As for social class, the IBD group showed a predominance of class E (46%), the outpatient group a predominance of class D (44%) and the non-outpatient group, class C (44%) (p < 0.001). The non-outpatient group also had a higher number of young individuals (mean = 36.69 years) (p < 0.001). There was a higher number of individuals with depression and anxiety in the IBD and outpatient control groups when compared to the non-outpatients’ group (p < 0.001), but with no difference between the two first groups. There was a higher number of individuals with severe degree anxiety in the IBD group (36%) compared to the non-outpatients’ group (8%) (p < 0.001). Conclusion Greater severity and a prevalence of anxiety and depression were observed in the group with inflammatory bowel diseases.
Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) characterized by periods of activity and remission, sometimes with major functional impairment, and thus may be associated with psychological symptoms and stigmatization of patients. The purpose of this study was to identify the main factors associated with anxiety and depression in patients with (IBD). The psychological aspect was analyzed using two globally validated questionnaires -the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the General Anxiety Disorder questionnaire (GAD-7) -in addition to a sociodemographic questionnaire, which were applied to three groups, each composed by 100 individuals, the first for outpatients diagnosed with IBD, the second for outpatients without IBD diagnosis and the third for healthy individuals. IBD patients had a higher frequency of positive indicators for anxiety (55%) and depression (42%) compared to the other groups (p<0.05), in addition, individuals in the IBD group also had more intense degrees of anxiety and depression than the other groups (p<0.05). The main factors related to the higher prevalence of anxiety and depression were lower frequency of steady job, higher frequency of social class E, as well as having selfperception of unhealthy (p<0.05). Those who were diagnosed with IBD with less than two years of symptoms had less depression and most who have anxiety and depression do not use anxiolytics and antidepressants.
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