Objective: This study examined the anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects of sporoderm-broken spore powder of Ganoderma lucidum (SSPL) against obese mice fed with a high-fat diet.
Methods: Four groups of C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to the following diets: control diet (CD); high-fat diet (HD); high-fat diet plus l-carnitine (HDL); and high-fat diet with sporoderm-broken spore powder of Ganoderma lucidum (HDG). They were subjected to 12 weeks of testing.
Results: Supplementation with SSPL lowered weight gain caused by a high-fat diet and improved serum and liver lipid levels, and histological investigation indicated that the HDG group had a significant reduction in liver lipid deposits and adipocyte size in epididymal fat. SSPL administration decreased the expression of genes associated with inflammation and fat anabolism, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ (PPARγ), sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) carboxylase (ACC), and leptin. SSPL therapy raised the levels of PPARα, carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1 (CPT-1), acyl-CoA oxidase1 (ACOX1), and adiponectin.
Conclusion: In summary, SSPL protected mice against developing obesity caused by increased fat intake by regulating inflammatory factors and lipid metabolism. Our findings indicate that SSPL is a potentially beneficial healthy meal for treating obesity.
Although high-fat and high-salt diets are considered risk factors for hypertension, the intake of salty soybean-based fermented foods has beneficial effects. This study explored the potential of Chinese traditional fermented soy sauce (CTFSS) in preventing hypertension by analyzing its effects on adipogenesis and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into four groups (n = 6): normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HD), high-fat diet with saline (HDS, NaCl-8%), and high-fat diet with Chinese traditional soy sauce (HDCTS, NaCl-8%). Each group is administrated 12 weeks by oral gavage as 10 mL/kg dose, respectively. CTFSS supplementation resulted in significantly lower body weight, epididymal fat weight, and systolic blood pressure. Additionally, it decreased the serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), renin, angiotensin II (Ang II), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), and aldosterone levels. It also increased the urinary volume and improved sodium and potassium ion balance. The gene levels showed significant enhancements in the mRNA levels of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system-related and adipogenesis-related genes. In addition, CTFSS may prevent hypertension-associated kidney injury. Therefore, this study demonstrates that CTFSS has no harmful effects on hypertension. In contrast, the beneficial effects of CTFSS intake in ameliorating hypertension were shown.
Morchella esculenta L. is a rare and the most valuable edible mushrooms. The polysaccharides of M. esculenta L. boast high nutrition and health values. This paper describes microwave extraction of the polysaccharides of M. esculenta L. by ultrasonic microwave. The optimal extraction conditions, optimized by single factor experiments and response surface method, were determined as follows: the ultrasonic power is 250 W, the microwave power is 220 W, and the extraction time is 7 min with a yield of polysaccharides at 4.425%. The crude polysaccharides of M. esculenta L. at 4 mg/mL exhibited hydroxyl radical, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical and 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging rates at 76.70%, 60.73%, and 80.87%, respectively. Its Fe2+ chelating rates increased from 45.63% to 82.50%, as the polysaccharide concentration increased from 0.5 to 4.0 mg/mL.
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