In this paper, we report the experience received from the project-based learning activity in a fundamental chemistry course. We involved the first year students in Faculty of Engineering at King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Ratchaburi Learning Center, Thailand. This work considers the innovative activities performed in the field of chemistry and physics. This activity has been intensively implemented in teaching first year students. A project has been created to build up a small machine for measuring the concentration of sucrose solutions. The students participated in a project based learning (PBL) process, in which they worked in groups to create the instrument designed to measure the sucrose concentration in percentage by weight of sucrose in pure water solvent. Project-based learning has gained a greater position in the classroom as researchers have documented what teachers have long understood: Students become more engaged in learning when they have a chance to dig into complex and challenging problems that closely resemble real life. Moreover, several surveys have been conducted along one academic year to evaluate the impact of this method. The results of the surveys show that PBL encourages students' motivation and improves their knowledge involving the project. It is also pointed out that this methodology requires more dedication from lecturers than traditional methodology.
At Fast Neutron Research Facility, the 150 kV-pulses neutron generator is being upgraded to a 280-kV-pulsedHe beam for time-of-flight Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. It involves replacing the existing beam line elements by a multicusp ion source, a 400-kV accelerating tube, 45 o -double focusing dipole magnet and quadrupole lens. The multicusp ion source is a compact filament-driven of 2.6 cm in diameter and 8 cm in length. The current extracted is 20.4 µA with 13 kV of extraction voltage and 8.8 kV of Einzel lens voltage. The beam emittance has found to vary between 6-12 mm mrad. The beam transport system has to be redesigned based on the new elements. The important part of a good pulsed beam depends on the pulsing system. The two main parts are the chopper and buncher. An optimized geometry for the 280 keV pulsed helium ion beam will be presented and discussed. The PARMELA code has been used to optimize the space charge effect, resulting in pulse width of less than 2 ns at a target. The calculated distance from a buncher to the target is 4.6 m. Effects of energy spread and phase angle between chopper and buncher have been included in the optimization of the bunch length.
At 150 kV-pulsed neutron generator at the Fast Neutron Researh Facility is being upgraded to produce a 280-kV-pulsed-He beam for Time-of-Flight Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (TOF RBS). Modification are being done by replacing the existing beamline elements by a 400-kV accelerating tube, 45o-double focusing dipole magnet and quadrupole lens. The beam transport system has to be redesigned based on the new elements. The important part of a good pulsed beam depends on the pulsing system. The two main parts are the chopper and buncher. Radiofrequency (RF) of 2 MHz is used for the chopper and 4 MHz for the buncher. For the buncher the RF amplitude of 13 kV is applied to two gaps, so that the ion pulse is compressed twice. An optimized geometry for the 280-keV pulsed helium ion beam is presented in this paper,. The PARMELA code has been used to optimize the space-charge effect, resulting in a excitated pulse width of less than 2 ns at a target. The calculated distance from a buncher to the target is 4.6 m. Effects of energy spread and phase angle between the chopper and buncher have been included in the optimization of the bunch lengh.
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