La présente étude est une contribution à la recherche d’une voie alternative d’amélioration de l’alimentation avicole au Burkina Faso. L’objectif était d’évaluer les effets de l’incorporation de la poudre de rhizome de curcuma (Curcuma longa) sur les performances de croissance et les caractéristiques de la carcasse des poulets de chair. Pour ce faire une expérience a été conduite pendant huit (08) semaines sur 120 poussins hybrides Bleu d’Hollande répartis au hasard en trois (03) lots de 40 sujets recevant trois (03) traitements alimentaire en croissance-finition (R0, R1, R2) contenant respectivement 0, 2 et 4% de poudre de curcuma. Chaque lot a été subdivisé en deux (02) sous-lots de 20 sujets correspondant à deux (02) répétitions. Les résultats ont montré que les poids vifs moyens ont connu des variations non significatives avec R2 (4%) (1084,63±236,47g), R1 (2%) (1058,54±235,12g) et le témoin R0 (1025,04±287,55g). L’indice de consommation des oiseaux, les consommations alimentaires sont restés non significatives par rapport au témoin. Pour des taux d’incorporation de 2 et 4%, la poudre de rhizome de curcuma n’a pas engendré des performances de croissance et de conformation de carcasse significativement différentes par rapport aux sujets témoins. On pourrait conclure que l'utilisation du curcuma comme additif alimentaire est sans effets néfastes sur les performances globales des poulets de chair et une étude de rentabilité devrait être menée. Elle montre que l’incorporation du curcuma à des taux de 2% et 4% pourrait réduire les charges en d’autres ingrédients conventionnels couteux comme le soja torréfié dans les rations alimentaires de poulet de chair. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of incorporation of turmeric Rhizome powder (Curcuma longa) on growth performance and carcass characteristics of broilers. To do this, an experiment was conducted for eight (08) weeks on 120 hybrid Dutch Blue chicks randomly divided into three(03) batches of 40 subjects receiving three(3) growth-finishing feed treatments (R0, R1, R2) containing 0, 2 and 4% turmeric powder respectively. Each batch was subdivided into two (02) sub-batches of 20 subjects corresponding to two (02) replicates. The results showed that the mean live weights showed non-significant variations with R2 (4%) (1084.63±236.47 g), R1 (2%) (1058.54±235.12 g) and the control R0 (1025.04±287.55 g). The bird consumption index, feed consumption remained insignificant compared to the control. For incorporation rates of 2% and 4%, turmeric rhizome powder did not result in significantly different growth performance and carcass conformation compared to the control. It could be concluded that the use of turmeric as a feed additive has no adverse effects on the overall performance of broilers and a cost-effectiveness study should be conducted. It shows that the incorporation of turmeric at levels of 2% and 4% could reduce the loadings of other expensive conventional ingredients such as roasted soya in broiler feed rations.
L’objectif de ce travail est de rechercher une voie alternative d’amélioration de l’alimentation et de la productivité avicole au Burkina Faso. L’étude vise à évaluer les effets de l’incorporation de la farine d’Azolla pinnata dans la ration alimentaire sur les performances de croissance des poulets de chair. Pour ce faire, une expérience a été conduite pendant 56 jours avec 120 poussins de chair âgés de 21 jours afin d’évaluer l’effet de l’incorporation de la farine d’Azolla pinnata comme ingrédient alimentaire dans la ration de poulets de chair. Le soja torréfié utilisé comme témoin a été substitué partiellement par la farine d’A.pinnata à des taux de 0, 3 et 6% correspondant à trois traitements alimentaires R0, R1, R2. A la fin de l’essai, une augmentation du poids des sujets avec les apports croissants d’A. pinnata dans les rations (R1 et R2) a été observée même si elle n’a pas été significative. Les indices de consommation n’étaient pas significativement différents. L’incorporation n’a engendré aucun effet néfaste sur le rendement carcasse des sujets nourris à base de la farine d’Azolla en comparaison aux sujets témoins. La substitution partielle du soja torréfié par la farine d’Azolla aux taux de 3% et 6% a entraîné une diminution des coûts alimentaires par kg de poids vif de poulet.Mots clés : Aviculture traditionnelle améliorée, Azolla pinnata, poussins hybrides, performance de croissance. English Title: Effects of incorporating dried azolla (Azolla pinnata) biomass in chicken rations in improved traditional poultry farmingThe objective of this work is to look for an alternative way to improve poultry feed and productivity in Burkina Faso. The study aims to evaluate the effects of the incorporation of Azolla pinnata meal in the feed ration on the growth performance of broilers. To this end, a 56-day experiment was conducted with 120 21-day-old broiler chicks to evaluate the effect of incorporating Azolla pinnata meal as a feed ingredient in the broiler ration. The roasted soybean used as a control was partially substituted with A. pinnata meal at levels of 0, 3 and 6% corresponding to three feed treatments R0, R1, R2. At the end of the trial, an increase in the weight of the subjects with increasing A. pinnata intakes in the rations (R1 and R2) was observed, although it was not significant. The consumption indices were not significantly different. Incorporation had no adverse effect on carcass yield in subjects fed Azolla meal compared to control subjects. Partial substitution of roasted soybean with Azolla meal at 3% and 6% resulted in lower feed costs per kg live weight of chicken. Keywords: Improved traditional poultry farming, Azolla pinnata, hybrid chicks, growth performance.
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is a staple food crop for West African countries in general and Burkina Faso in particular. It is mainly grown by small holder farmers for their livelihoods. They grow their landraces which is a mixture of more than two varieties. Unfortunately, the yields of farmer varieties are low compared to improved ones bred by sorghum breeders with the potential up to 3t/ha. The objective of the study was to identify the genetic diversity between improved varieties released by research institutions and farmer accessions at the molecular level. DNA sample were collected from hundred and twenty-three accessions collected from thirteen regions of Burkina Faso. DNA samples were successfully genotyped using a multiplexed complex of 28 microsatellites DNA markers for 110 genotypes. The sorghum genotypes comprised of Guinea, Caudatum and Guinea-Caudatum races. Farmer varieties were defined mainly in Guinea and Guinea-Caudatum races while the improved varieties were mainly Caudatum races. The inbreeding level FIS (the inbreeding level within a given population) for each group improved, farmer varieties varied between -1 <FIS>1. This shows the autogenous nature of sorghum varieties. Breeding schemes can therefore be designed for improvement of farmer preferred varieties.Keywords: Sorghum Microsatellites, Guinea, Caudatum, Yield, Landraces
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