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One of the reasons for the low production and productivity of beef cattle in Indonesia is that information on the allocation of livestock areas development is not yet clear. This study aimed to determine the priority areas for developing beef cattle farm in Semarang Regency based on the concept of sustainability. Sustainability was analyzed through the determination of leading commodities (analysis of Location Quotient and Shift Share), optimization of regional potential (analysis of carrying capacity and carrying capacity index of forage, and assessment of suitability of ecological environment of beef cattle). The process of spatial analysis used GIS software. Comprehensive planning for the development of beef cattle farm was directed in three sub-districts, namely: Bringin, Bancak, and Banyubiru. The results of the analysis showed that the three subdistricts were beef cattle base areas (LQ>1), had business growth (positive SS), and had a safe status for forage availability (>2). Other results showed that the carrying capacity for beef cattle farms in Bringin sub-district was 15,829 AU, Bancak was 8,457 AU, and Banyubiru was 6,315 AU. The land area suitable for beef cattle farm from the three priority sub-districts was 5,760.141 Ha. It can be concluded that the development of beef cattle farm in Semarang Regency is focused on three priority subdistricts, namely: Bringin, Bancak, and Banyubiru. The results of this study can be an input for local governments in determining the direction and pattern of beef cattle farm development to be more sustainable.

Abstract. Continuity of meat supply availability is generally related to the number and production of livestock in a region. Therefore, a framework of sustainable livestock development is needed to increase the production and productivity of livestock. Blora Regency is one of the areas in the Province of Central Java with the largest number of large livestock, primarily beef cattle. Blora Regency has a population of 199.584 beef cattle. Agricultural waste results in Blora Regency can be used as supporting the availability of feed for livestock sector. This is supported by the availability of forage feed which is very abundant.Based on these potentials, it is necessary to assess the characteristics of natural land for the development of beef cattle farms. Therefore, the objectives of this study are (1) to assess the environmental suitability of the environment for the development of cattle ranching that is grazed and stacked; (2) to analyze the potential of forage source of fodder and bearing capacity for beef cattle farming; (3) to analyze the centers of activity of development of beef cattle; (4) to prepare direction and strategy of beef cattle development in Blora Regency.

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Objective: This study aimed to explore the phytochemical constituents and anthelmintic activities of four Cassia spp. leaves against Haemonchus contortus . Materials and Methods: The extracts were prepared from four species of Cassia spp. ( C. siamea , C. fistula , C. surattensis , and C. spectabilis ). Phytochemical screening of the extract was done based on the Harborne method. Evaluation of the anthelmintic activities against H. contortus was done in vitro using infective larvae (L 3 ) migration inhibition assay (LMIA). Measurement of larvae migrating was conducted through a nylon filter with a pore size of 20 μm. The doses of Cassia spp. extract implemented were 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/ml. Results: Tannins, alkaloids, phenol hydroquinone, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenoids, and saponins were present in all the extracts, whereas alkaloids were absent in C . fistula . No triterpenoids were found in C. surattensis and C. spectabilis . Movement of H . contortus larvae was significantly inhibited after exposure to Cassia extracts at various dosage levels ( p < 0.05). The test results using LMIA on L 3 H. contortus showed the lowest inhibition in the negative control. Among the species of Cassia , the C. surattensis (at 200 mg/ml) showed the highest ( p < 0.05) inhibition level on the larvae. The latter result corresponded to the effect of albendazole. Conclusion: Compared to other Cassia spp., C. surattensis exhibited the highest inhibition against L 3 H. contortus . However, the inhibition effect of C. surattensis was still lower as compared to albendazole.

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The development of a directed and sustainable beef cattle farm can be achieved if the development strategy plan is based on existing real problems. This study aims to determine the priority of beef cattle farm development strategies in Semarang Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia. The A’WOT method was applied in this study, by integrating strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). After determining the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats found in beef cattle farm business, group weights and SWOT factors were calculated using the AHP method, the results of which were the three priority strategies with the highest scores. These strategies can be summarised as follows: (1) optimising the utilisation of forage through silage and hay making, (2) optimising the provision of suitable land and meeting the technical requirements of livestock, and (3) optimising farmers’ ability to access capital. It was concluded that sustainable beef cattle farm business in Semarang Regency could be improved through the application of priority strategies focusing on feed technology, land suitability, and access to capital. Findings also demonstrated that the A’WOT method is useful and effective in determining livestock sector strategies.

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