The Madaras brickyard section found at the northernmost fringe of the Backa loess plateau is one of the thickest and best-developed last glacial loess sequences of Central Europe. In the present work high-resolution magnetic susceptibility measurements (at 2 cm) were implemented on samples from the 10 m-section corresponding to a period between 29 and 11 KY cal b2K. One aim was to compare the findings with the ice core records of northern Greenland in order to establish a high-resolution paleoclimatic record for the last climatic cycle and with findings documented in other biotic and abiotic proxies so far. Our results revealed a strong variability of loess/paleosol formation during MIS 2. Millennial time-scale climatic events that characterize the North Atlantic during the last climatic cycle have been identified. From 29 ka up to the start of the LGM, the recorded MS values show a weak, negative correlation with the temperature proxy, and a weak positive correlation with the dust concentration of Greenland. A strong correlation was observed with the local paleotemperatures. Local climatic factors must have had a more prominent effect here on loess/paleosol development than the climate shifts over Greenland. During the LGM the same pattern is seen with a stronger
Surface geochemical techniques have been used to explore for hy drocarbons ever since the late 1920s. These techniques look for the presence and effects of minute levels of hydrocarbons that migrate through the imperfect seals that cover every reservoir and migrate either as macroseepage via faults or as microseepage vertically through the reservoir overburden (COLEMAN et al., 1977, KLUSMAN, 1993, WRIGLEY et al., 2012). Direct and in direct hydrocarbon indicators can be measured using these me thods. Hydrocarbons measured on the surface are regarded as direct indicators, meanwhile the results of alternations induced by presence of hydrocarbons can be considered as indirect indi cators. Soil gases pertain to direct indicators, and radon measure ments, which show anomalously high values at the surface due to enrichment in uranium induced by the presence of migrating hydrocarbons, belong to indirect indicators. Radiometric mapping, as a petroleum exploration tool, began at the end of 1920s (MORSE et al., 1982; MORSE & ZINKE, 1995). PIRSON found "halos" of high radiation in a petroleum basin in Texas, noting that each halo countered definable regions of lower gamma flux (PIRSON, 1969). Since then, several papers have reported on successful HC exploration strategies using ra diometric mapping. PALACIOS et al. (2013) demonstrated posi tive radon anomalies around abandoned gas wells, LI et al. (2006), DYCK & JONASSON (2000), GHAGREMANI (1985) used Rnanomalies as one of the indicators of hydrocarbon leaks from the subsoil. LANDRUM et al. (1989) and PATRICK et al. (2011) highlighted more emissive zones that could be related either to main faults or to secondary fractures acting as migration pathways.
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