Assessment of right ventricular (RV) function using conventional echocardiography might be inadequate as the radial motion of the RV free wall is often neglected. Our aim was to quantify the longitudinal and the radial components of RV function using three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography in heart transplant (HTX) recipients. Fifty-one HTX patients in stable cardiovascular condition without history of relevant rejection episode or chronic allograft vasculopathy and 30 healthy volunteers were enrolled. RV end-diastolic (EDV) volume and total ejection fraction (TEF) were measured by 3D echocardiography. Furthermore, we quantified longitudinal (LEF) and radial ejection fraction (REF) by decomposing the motion of the RV using the ReVISION method. RV EDV did not differ between groups (HTX vs control; 96 ± 27 vs 97 ± 2 mL). In HTX patients, TEF was lower, however, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) decreased to a greater extent (TEF: 47 ± 7 vs 54 ± 4% [-13%], TAPSE: 11 ± 5 vs 21 ± 4 mm [-48%], P < .0001). In HTX patients, REF/TEF ratio was significantly higher compared to LEF/TEF (REF/TEF vs LEF/TEF: 0.58 ± 0.10 vs 0.27 ± 0.08, P < .0001), while in controls the REF/TEF and LEF/TEF ratio was similar (0.45 ± 0.07 vs 0.47 ± 0.07). Current results confirm the superiority of radial motion in determining RV function in HTX patients. Parameters incorporating the radial motion are recommended to assess RV function in HTX recipients.
Untwisting contributes to left ventricular filling through suction generation. We sought to investigate diastolic function and untwisting dynamics in different forms of left ventricular hypertrophy: in athlete?s heart and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Elite athletes in kayaking, canoeing and rowing (n=28), patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM, n=15) and healthy sedentary volunteers (n=13) were compared. Left ventricular volumes, wall thickness-to-volume ratio were assessed by cardiac MRI. Following conventional and tissue Doppler measurements, untwist and untwist rate were determined by speckle tracking echocardiography. Wall thickness-to-volume ratio describing remodelling was significantly higher in HCM, but similar in athletes and controls (athlete vs. HCM vs. control: 0.107?0.019 vs. 0.271?0.091 vs. 0.104?0.012?mm?m?/ml, mean?SD, p<0.001). Mitral lateral annulus e? velocity referred to diastolic dysfunction in HCM (15.3?3.6 vs. 7.9?3.3 vs. 15.0?3.0?cm/s, p<0.01). At time point of mitral valve opening, untwist and untwist rate were significantly different: the highest values were measured in athletes, while the lowest were found in HCM (untwist: 51.3?19.1 vs. 11.6?10.4 vs. 35.9?16.3%; untwist rate: ?32.5?13.0 vs. ?10.6?10.8 vs. ?23.0?7.7?/s, p<0.05). Untwisting correlated with E/A, e? and E/e?. Athlete?s heart is characterized by increased untwist and untwist rate, which can aid diastolic function. Evaluation of untwisting dynamics may help to distinguish pathological hypertrophy.
Bevezetés: Magyarországon 2012-ben ünnepelte 20 éves évfordulóját a szívtranszplantáció, ám a mechanikus keringéstámogató eszközök ezalatt az idő alatt a végstádiumú szívelégtelenség korszerű terápiájának hiányzó láncsze-mét alkották. 2012 májusában, a Semmelweis Egyetem Szív-és Érgyógyászati Klinikáján átadott szívtranszplantációs és szívelégtelenség intenzív osztály, valamint az ehhez társuló eszközfejlesztések tették lehetővé a műszívprogram elindulását. Célkitűzés: A szerzők a program tapasztalatairól számolnak be. Módszer: 2012 májusa és 2014 decembere között 72 beteget 89 esetben kezeltek mechanikus keringéstámogató eszközökkel. A támogatás indikációja valamennyi esetben terápia refrakter végstádiumú szívelégtelenség, illetve akut bal-vagy jobbszívfél-elégtelenség volt. Eredmények: Huszonhét esetben szívtranszplantáció utáni akut graftelégtelenség, 24 esetben súlyos végstádiumú szívelégtelenség, 21 esetben akut infarktus, 14 esetben szívműtét utáni akut balszívfél-elégtelenség, két esetben sú-lyos légzési elégtelenség, egy esetben gyógyszermérgezés következtében kialakult malignus ritmuszavar miatt kezdték el a terápiát. A teljes program 30 túlélő betege közül 13 került sikeres szívtranszplantációra. Következtetések: A rendelkezésre álló sokoldalú műszerparkkal a ma létező valamennyi lehetséges terápiás modalitás megvalósítható a rövid távú keringéstámogatástól a középtávú támogatáson át a szívtranszplantációig vagy a végleges műszívbeül-tetésig. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(13), 521-527.Kulcsszavak: mechanikus keringéstámogatás, műszív, szívtranszplantáció, VAD, ECMO
Mechanical circulatory support saves lives -three years' experience of the newly established assist device program at Semmelweis UniversityIntroduction: Since the celebration of the 20th anniversary of the fi rst heart transplantation in Hungary in 2012 the emerging need for modern heart failure management via mechanical circulatory support has evolved. In May 2012 the opening of a new heart failure and transplant unit with 9 beds together with the procurement of necessary devices at Semmelweis University accomplished this need. Aim: The aim of the authors was to report their initial experience obtained in this new cardiac assist device program. Method: Since May, 2012, mechanical circulatory support system was applied in 89 cases in 72 patients. Indication for support were end stage heart failure refractory to medical treatment and acute left or right heart failure. Results: Treatment was initiated for acute graft failure after heart transplantation in 27 cases, for end stage heart failure in 24 cases, for acute myocardial infarction in 21 cases, for acute postcardiotomy heart failure in 14 cases, for severe respiratory insuffi ciency in 2 cases and for drug intoxication in one case. Among the 30 survivor of the whole program 13 patients were successfully transplanted. Conclusions: The available devices can cover all modalities of current bridge therapy from short term support through medium support to heart transplantation or long term support an...
Prospectively ECG-triggered coronary CTA examinations of HTx recipients yielded diagnostic image quality with low radiation dose. Coronary CTA is a promising noninvasive alternative to routine catheterization during follow-up of HTx recipients to diagnose CAV.
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