Objective To evaluate salivary progesterone as a predictor of early preterm birth (PTB) and compare it with transvaginal sonographic (TVS) cervical length in asymptomatic high-risk women.Design Prospective study.Setting Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Biochemistry at UCMS & GTBH, Delhi, India.Sample Ninety pregnant women.Methods The progesterone concentration in saliva of asymptomatic pregnant women at high risk for preterm delivery was estimated by immunoassay, and cervical length was measured by TVS, at the first antenatal visit at 24-28 weeks of gestation, and then repeated 3-4 weeks later.Main outcome measures Early PTB, mean and critical cut-off values of salivary progesterone, and a diagnostic value comparison of salivary progesterone with TVS cervical length.Results The mean value of salivary progesterone was significantly lower in all women who delivered at <37 weeks of gestation (n = 38), compared with the term group (n = 52; P < 0.001). Salivary progesterone decreased significantly from the first to the second visit, with the maximum decrease observed in women who delivered at <34 weeks of gestation (29.6%, 95% CI 17.8-41.4%, P < 0.002). The single predictive critical cut-off value for salivary progesterone was 2575 pg/ml, below which more than 80% of women delivered prematurely before 34 weeks of gestation, with sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 83% (95% CI 58.6-96.4%), 86% (95% CI 75.9-93.1%), 60% (95% CI 38.6-78.8%) and 95% (95% CI 87.1-99.0%), respectively. The TVS cervical length decreased significantly (P < 0.001) in the women who delivered prematurely.Conclusions Low salivary progesterone concentration can be used for predicting early PTB in asymptomatic high-risk women.
<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> To study the clinical and epidemiological pattern of occurrence of non-venereal genital dermatoses among the patients attending STI clinic. Also an attempt was made to know the level of awareness among the patients studied and the level of psychological impact on the affected persons before they were diagnosed as anon venerealdermatoses.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A study was conducted among 125 patients who attended the STI Clinic in a tertiary care center in a period of 6 months. Detailed history was taken along with complete physical examination and local examination.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 125 patients attended the STI Clinic. Among them 75 patients [40 males and 35 females] were diagnosed to have Non venereal genital dermatoses. A total of 14 different non venereal dermatoses were observed in our study The commonest age group affected were in the age group of 30-40 year. The most common non-venereal dermatoses in females in our study were Lichen sclerosuset atrophicus and in males were fixed drug eruptions Pearly penile papules. Mild anxiety and concern about the genital lesions were found in almost all the males and females.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> A prompt and correct diagnosis of non-venereal genital dermatoses needs a greater clinical acumen along with various investigative methods Patient must be treated as a whole rather than treating the disease alone. The complete successful outcome lies not only in treating the disease but also treating the patient as a whole allying his undue fears, stress and misconceptions. </p>
To prevent the public from pandemic Covid’19 the government of India has started the vaccination from mid of January 2021. The government has approved the two vaccines, Covishield from the university of Oxford and Covaxin from Bharat Biotech.The vaccination started with frontline workers and is further extended to common public prioritizing the elders of above 60 years and people aged 45 years above with co morbidities. Though many people have got benefitted from it there is still a group of people not convinced with the vaccination. We have carried out this work to analyze those Indian people sentiments on the vaccines through the hash tags of tweets. The results show that though majority of the community has a positive belief on the vaccines but some of them still express negative emotions.
BACKGROUNDAcrodermatitis Enteropathica is a disorder of defective absorption of Zinc (1) that is inherited by an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance, characterised by a clinical triad of acral dermatitis, alopecia and diarrhoea. In majority of the patients, symptoms settle down at the time of puberty. Very rarely in certain cases, symptoms persist into the adult age, wherein it is underdiagnosed because of non-specific symptoms. We report a 26-year-old male with inherited zinc deficiency to highlight the persistence of isolated zinc deficiency into adult age, and also to stress the need of choosing the right chelating agent for the administration of oral elemental zinc, the combination of which crucially decides the better bioavailability of zinc, that could vary depending upon the chelating agent and genetically predetermined factors of the client.
Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome [SSSS] is primarily a disease of infants and children. The initial event is usually a localized staphylococcal infection. This may be in the skin or at a distant or 'occult' site. We are reporting a rare case of SSSS in a 28 days old neonate following a staphylococcal breast abscess in the mother.
INTRODUCTIONUrinary incontinence (UI) is a significant health concern and has been shown to impair women's activities and also affects the physical and mental health.1 UI is higher in few specific groups like pregnancy and have been reported a prevalence of 32%-64% for all UI and 59% for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and 40% for mixed incontinence.2 Women with UI have poorer treatment seeking behavior for UI. Approximately 54.3% of all pregnant women have detrimental effects on quality of life.3 Pregnancy is an independent risk factor for UI that leads to weakened pelvic floor muscle because of pregnancy related physiological and anatomical changes. However, despite the multiple references in literature on effects of, parity, age of women, pathophysiological changes in pregnancy and mode of delivery, on the pelvic floor and lower urinary tract symptoms remain inconclusive. 4Prenatal physiological changes such as increasing pressure of the advancing gravid uterus and growing fetal weight on pelvic floor muscle (PFM) throughout the pregnancy, along with the pregnancy-related changing ABSTRACT Background: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a commonly encountered entity in antenatal and postpartum period. It is known to have detrimental effects on quality of life in approximately 54.3% of all pregnant women. However, the true prevalence of UI is still not known, especially in the South East Asia. This study has investigated the prevalence and risk factors of urinary incontinence during antenatal period. Methods: 500 women admitted in postnatal ward were interviewed retrospectively about the UI occurred during antenatal period, using questionnaire. The study was done over a period of six months. Detailed information regarding risk factors of urinary incontinence was included in questionnaire based on previous validated studies. Data was analyzed using SPSS 20 using chi square test. P value <0.05 was taken as significant. Results: Total 500 women were interviewed and based on questionnaire. 202 reported incontinence, thus giving a prevalence of 40.4%, out of that 192 (45.5%) had stress urinary incontinence (SUI), 40(19.8%) had urge urinary incontinence (UUI) and 70 (34.6%) had mixed incontinence. The risk factors like bladder infections and chronic cough had significant association with urinary incontinence. Advancing gestation had worsening effects on the symptoms of UI (p =0.000). Conclusions: Urinary incontinence is a common and neglected problem with poor treatment seeking behavior. SUI is more common in pregnant women than urge or mixed incontinence. Obstetricians need to ask have precise interrogation regarding UI in pregnant women to diagnose and treat the problem.
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