BACKGROUND: The search for disruption of memory in patients with stroke has been performed, in order to better understand the behavior of these patients and optimize their neuropsychological accompaniment. AIM: To evaluate memory disturbances following stroke in patients; in order to better understand the attitudes of these patients.MATERIALS AND METHOD: Fifty-five (55) patients with stroke participated in a spatial memory test. This test consists in studying the arrangement, the designation and the evocation of images during learning a spatial arrangement. RESULTS: Of the 55 patients, 54.54% of patients passed the test but with later learning. And 45.45% failed at different events, they present real memory problems.CONCLUSION: Our study, confirms that stroke patients face difficulties which often include cognitive impairments, such as memory deficits. Our results indicate that these memory disorders manifest themselves to varying degrees. Indeed, the working memory disorders would be more marked in group II patients than in group I patients or they can be considered transient
Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the acute and chronic behavioral and antidepressant effects of aqueous extracts of GS leaves in standardized rats models of depression. Materials and Methods: Aqueous extracts of GS leaves were prepared, and phytoconstituents were determined using appropriate chemical analytical methods. Animals were divided into five groups: The control group received vehicle (saline water 10ml/rat). Amitriptyline (20mg/kg b.w., IP) was used as the positive control or standard group while the treated rats received GS (100, 200, and 400mg/kg body weight i.p). In the acute treatment study, a single dose was administered 30 min prior to testing. For the chronic treatment study, a single dose was administered daily for 14 days. In the chronic dose study, the behaviors of all groups were assessed for antidepressant activity 30 min after the last treatment dose on the 14 th day. Different standardized depression models were used for behavioral tests to evaluate the antidepressant activity, such as forced swim test (FST), and tail suspension test (TST) test. Results: The preliminary pharmacological screening with acute dosing exhibited the antidepressant activity of GS, but its antidepressant activity was more enhanced after repeated dosing. In comparison with the acute studies, chronic dose studies displayed a significant antidepressant manifestation in the behavioral patterns when compared to the vehicle controls. Conclusion: The results obtained in this study suggest that aqueous extracts of GS may possess an antidepressant activity.
This paper aims to implement Basic Income Grant (BIG) as a development policy in poverty alleviation. We simulate an amount of FCFA12,000 (USD22.5) given monthly per individual to the whole population of Ivory Coast and we analyze the impacts of this policy in the terms of poverty alleviation on individuals and groups. The simulations are performed using the Ivory Coast's 2015 household survey data composed of 12,900 households. The results show that after allocating a BIG to the whole population in Ivory Coast, poverty drops from 53.1% to 14.7%. Poverty reduces more for female (-39%) than male (-38%), although it remain higher for female (15.15%) than male (14.33%); and it reduces more for population over 40 years old (-40%) than younger people (-31%). This allocation could be very beneficial in reducing femal and youth poverty in Ivory Coast.
Background: Objective was to study the anxiolytic activity of hydro ethanolic extract of Trema guineensis.Methods: Male swiss albino mice were used. Hydro ethanolic extract of Trema guineensis was administered in the doses of 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg IP hole board (HB), open field (OF), elevated plus maze (EPM) tests were used for determination of anxiolytic activity.Results: The hydro ethanolic extract of Trema guineensis significantly increased the number and duration of head poking in HB test. The extract also significantly increased the time spent and the number of entries in open arm in EPM. In OFT, the extract showed significant increase in number of rearing, assisted rearing and the squares crossed.Conclusions: In the present study, Trema guineensis exhibited anxiolytic activity which might be attributed to its phytoconstituents like alkaloid, steroid and triterpenes. Since Trema guineensis is ubiquitous and abundantly grown, it could be a fairly economical therapeutic agent for management of anxiety disorders.
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