The problem of extraction of the image objects features by means of using the inverse filters (IF) is considered. The IF are formed by the inversion of the matrix composed of correlation vectors of a set of objects templates examples. The inversion is made with the help of singular value decomposition. Three approaches to regularization and its impact on IF recognition properties are also considered. There was defined the functional that specifies minimal mutual relations between functions of the filters to obtain optimal separation of the features. A training process is used in order to obtain filters with high recognition performance.

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The paper considers the issues of creating high-temperature digital thermographs based on RGB photodetector arrays. It has been shown that increasing the reliability of temperature measurement of bodies with unknown spectral coefficient of thermal radiation can be ensured by optimal selection of the used spectral range and registration of the observed thermal radiation fields in three spectral ranges. The registration of thermal radiation in four or more spectral ranges was found to be inefficient due to the increasing error in temperature determination. This paper presents a method for forming three overlapping spectral regions in the NIR spectral range, which is based on the use of an external spectral filter and a combination of the spectral characteristics of an RGB photodetector array. It is shown that it is necessary to ensure the stability of the solution of the system of three nonlinear equations with respect to the influence of noise. For this purpose, the use of a priori information about the slope factor of the spectral dependence of the thermal radiation coefficient in the selected spectral range for the controlled bodies is proposed. The theoretical results are confirmed by examples of their application in a thermograph based on an array of CMOS RGB photodetectors.

This article proposes a new method for detecting slight refractive index changes under conditions of unknown polarization state. It is argued that an insignificant modification of the tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG) structure and selecting the appropriate spectral region allows us to accurately track changes in the refractive index. It has also been proven that the method can be easily made insensitive to temperature and that the sensitivity to changes in the polarization plane of the input light can be significantly reduced, which is crucial in later practical applications. Analytes in the form of an aqueous glucose solution were used to calibrate the sensor. The proposed method, based on perpendicular tilted fiber Bragg grating (P-TFBG), has a wide range of universality because its development and slight modification will enable the detection of glucose, pathogens, and viruses.

The article deals with the features and characteristics of intelligent systems for modelling business processes. Their classification was made and criteria for comparison were developed. According to the comparative analysis of existing expert systems for intelligent analysis, a reasonable choice of system for modelling business processes of a particular enterprise has been carried out. In general, it was found that the introduction of intelligent systems for modelling business processes of the enterprise and forecasting its activities for future allows management of the company to obtain relevant and necessary information for the adoption of effective management decisions and the development of a strategic plan..

The paper presents the mathematical apparatus for precise calculation of the three-dimensional point spread function (3D PSF) of optical systems. The method is based on the Huygens-Fresnel principle: a spherical wave on the threedimensional surface of the exit pupil is considered as result of the superposition of elementary secondary point radiation sources. These point sources emit coherent electromagnetic waves with a spherical wave front. They form a certain distribution of generalized complex amplitudes in three-dimensional space near the focus point. This distribution is used to calculate the intensity distribution in the focus area of the optical system, which is the PSF. The advantage of the proposed technique is direct calculation of the 3D PSF with taking into account wave aberrations and without usage of Fresnel or Fraunhofer approximations. In case of small aperture optical systems the proposed technique coincides with classical theory that specifies the link between a pupil function and PSF via Fourier transform. The differences between precise and approximated techniques for 3D PSF calculation are also discussed.

The paper proposes the use of switches to synthesize immittance logic elements, which makes it possible to ensure the operation of logic elements at various fixed operating frequencies. This in turn allows to increase the operating frequency range of such elements. For the first time, a mathematical model of a multi-frequency immittance logic R-element "NOT" was developed. It allowed to determine the transient characteristics at different operating frequencies. The circuit of the multi-frequency opto-immittance logic R-element "NOT" was developed. The results of the study of its transient characteristics showed the possibility of using the circuit in the design of passive immittance logic elements with an extended operating frequency range.

A new method of successive approximation ADC calibration without interruption of the main conversion process is proposed. The method is based on the use of information redundancy in the form of redundant positional number systems. The method is based on the selection and analysis of unused combinations in the redundant ADC conversion characteristic.