This study investigates teachers' professionalism and professional development practices which still have lower quality based on the law and do not produce an improved performance yet in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. This investigation focuses on teachers' behavior-attitude, pedagogic skills, and diversity learning activities through effective professional development as commitment to do continuous improvement. The supporting factors and the constraints of being professional teacher are also identified. The design of this study employs exploratory mixed method design with triangulation approach. Simple random sampling is occupied in choosing 331 samples out of 2367 population to answer the questionnaires. While twelve teachers were selected using purposive sampling for interview and observation. The t-test and Anova analysis show that gender has significant different in behavior-attitude practice, while education professional qualification is significant on both behavior-attitude and teachers' learning activities. The qualitative findings show the need to display exemplary behavior-attitude, strength teaching skill, knowledge and beliefs through diversity learning activities in effective professional development. Teacher professional development needs supporting on policy, moral, infrastructure, and financial that can lead teachers to be professional. This study has provided a model of teacher professional development as an input for improving the quality practice of teacher professionalism and professional development in Indonesia, particularly in South Sulawesi province.
AbstrakMengidentifikasi tantangan bagi guru dalam mengembangkan profesionalisme mereka dalam mengajar untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Keterbatasan fasilitas pendukung dan minimnya peran serta masyarakat dalam mendukung program pemerintah mempengaruhi kinerja guru dalam mengajar. Fokusnya ditujukan pada pengembangan profesionalisme mengajar dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan guru SMP di Makassar dalam menghadapi kendala yang muncul di kelas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui studi kasus untuk mengidentifikasi hambatan profesionalisme dalam mengajar. 36 sampel untuk kuesioner terbuka dan sembilan di antaranya dipilih secara purposive untuk diwawancarai. Data dianalisis dengan pengkodean berdasarkan tema yang terkait dengan kendala dalam pengelolaan pengajaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan empat kendala yang dialami oleh guru dalam mengembangkan profesionalisme mereka, yaitu kendala pada buku pelajaran dan lembar kerja siswa, penggunaan laboratorium sekolah, media berbasis TIK, dan siswa itu sendiri. Identifikasi ini dapat mendorong masyarakat dan orang tua untuk membiayai penyelenggaraan pendidikan dan pengembangan profesionalisme dalam mengajar serta meningkatkan kreatifitas guru untuk bekerja secara efektif. Kata kunci: Profesionalisme pengajaran, Tantangan guru, Dukungan masyarakat dan orang tua AbstractIdentifying challenges for teachers in developing their professionalism in teaching to improve students' learning outcomes. The limitation of facilities at school and the low participation of society in supporting the government programs influence teacher performance in teaching. The focus was addressed on the development of teaching professionalism in improving knowledge and skills of Junior High School teachers in Makassar based on the barriers in the class. This study employed qualitative methods through a case study to identify the barriers of professionalism in teaching. 36 samples for open-ended questionnaire and nine of them are selected purposively to be interviewed. The data was analyzed by coding based on themes related to constraints in teaching management. The results showed four obstacles experienced by teachers in developing their professionalism, namely constraints on textbooks and student worksheets, school laboratory usage, ICT-based media, and the students themselves. The identification could encourage the community and parents to finance the operational of education and the development of professionalism in teaching also to improve teacher creativity to work effectively.
Aspek yang perlu diberi tumpuan dalam usaha mendidik dan membangun usahawan bumiputera Muslim, antaranya ialah sikap usahawan, kemahiran mengurus dan program pendidikan dan latihan yang berterusan. Kegagalan dalam tiga aspek ini akan menghalang daya tahan dan daya saing usahawan bumiputera Muslim berbanding usahawan bangsa lain. Usaha melahirkan usahawan yang menghayati nilai dan etika Islam dilihat semakin mendesak memandangkan keperluan serta cabaran mendatang dan persaingan yang ada. Oleh itu kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti keperluan pendidikan berterusan dalam memantapkan budaya niaga dan pembangunan keusahawanan Bumiputera Muslim PKS. Data kajian diperolehi melalui borang soal selidik dan temu bual bersama usahawan PKS yang menerima pembiayaan MARA di negeri Johor. Rresponden lain yang terlibat adalah usahawan Bumiputera PKS yang bukan penerima pembiayaan MARA, Pegawai MARA daerah yang mengelolakan pembiayaan, program latihan dan pembangunan serta usahawan Bumiputera yang berjaya. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan faktor kritikal kelemahan usahawan bumiputera adalah dipengaruhi oleh latar belakang dan pengalaman individu, sikap, nilai dan etika keusahawanan, pengetahuan dan kemahiran pengurusan, program pendidikan dan pembangunan keusahawanan dan desakan ‘birokrasi’ dan persekitaran. Kajian ini juga mengemukakan satu model pendidikan, latihan dan pembangunan usahawan Bumiputera Muslim berteraskan nilai dan etika Islam. Kata kunci: Pembelajaran sepanjang hayat; keusahawanan; Bumiputera Muslim; perusahaan kecil dan sederhana (PKS) Aspects need to focus in educating and developing Muslim bumiputera entrepreneurs, among others are their attitudes, management skills and continuous education and training programs. Neglecting these three aspects could jeopardise sustainability of Muslim bumiputera entrepreneur as compared to entrepreneur of other races. Simultaneously efforts of inculcating Muslim bumiputera entrepreneur with Islamic business ethics are timely as to make them stay competitive in facing with the current business challenge. Thus this study is to identify the need of continuous education program in strengthening praise able business culture in developing SME Muslim bumiputera entrepreneurs. The data in this study are obtained through interviewing and circulating a set of questionnaire to SME bumiputera entrepreneurs who received sponsor from MARA in the state of Johor as well as those whom do not receive sponsor from MARA. Besides, few official from MARA who are responsible on handling the loan and training were also selected as respondents in this research. The finding of the research shows that critical factors that contribute to the weaknesses of bumiputera entrepreneurs are their background, experience, ethic value and attitude towards entrepreneurship, knowledge and management skill, education and entrepreneur’s development program and bureaucracy. This study proposed a model of education, entrepreneur training and development program base on Islamic values and ethics. Key words: Life long learning; entrepreneurship; Muslim bumiputera; small and medium enterprise (SME)
Abstract-Educational technology as a catalyst for teaching-learning process has been urged to use in academics' activities. Every educational technology tool has its own challenges and constraints for acceptance from users; although, the application of these tools are unavoidable. Thus, the intention of the study is to explore the main factors affecting educational technology acceptance in faculty members' teaching duty in one iranian university, shahid beheshti. All the respondents include Assistant, Associate and Professors those how are faculty members at university with over 5 years teaching experience. The faculty members clarified two main factors affecting their adoption and acceptance of educational technology for teaching in their class; institutional support, and training and mentoring. These factors elicited from their narratives through interview. Eventually, in line with the findings, faculty members' development in the domain of teaching as their main duty among teaching, research, and administrative duties could be improved by considering the emergent factors in utilizing new educational technology. Likewise, evidences from the study could be essential for policy makers, technology designers and administrators in higher education institutions and universities.
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