The present study reviews different studies on inventory control of deteriorating items in chain supply published over the period 1963-2013. The study investigates supply chain of the items in terms of various perspectives. Finally, the summary of the studies is shown in two tables for oneechelon and multi-echelon supply chain including the main information and assumptions of each paper. In the mentioned tables, the papers were classified in terms of the type of demand rate, deterioration rate, solution procedure and findings. It can be said that no analysis on the results was done in the present study and it can be only used as a good reference in the study field for other researchers.
The flexible job shop scheduling problem (FJSP) is an extension of the classical job shop scheduling problem (JSP) which allows an operation to be processed by any machine from a given set of machines. FJSP is NP-hard and presents two major difficulties. The first is to assign each operation to a machine out of a set of capable machines; and the second deals with sequencing the assigned operations on the machines. However, it is quite difficult to obtain an optimal solution to this problem in medium and large size problems with traditional optimization approaches. In this paper, a memetic algorithm (MA) for flexible job shop scheduling with overlapping operations is proposed that solves the FJSP to minimize makespan. We also proposed a heuristic that uses the critical path method (CPM) in order to improve the results of MA and reduce the objective function. The experimental results of MA and CPM show that our approach is capable of achieving the optimal solution for small size problems and near-optimal solutions for medium and large size problems in a reasonable time.
Determining the optimal inventory control and selling price for deteriorating items is of great significance. In this paper, a joint pricing and inventory control model for deteriorating items with price-and time-dependent demand rate and time-dependent deteriorating rate with partial backlogging is considered. The objective is to determine the optimal price, the replenishment time, and economic order quantity such that the total profit per unit time is maximized. After modeling the problem, an algorithm is proposed to solve the resulted problem. We also prove that the problem statement is concave function and the optimal solution is indeed global.
This paper considers an inventory control policy for a two-echelon inventory control system with one supplier-one buyer. We consider the case of deteriorating items which lead to shortage in supply chain. Therefore, it is necessary to decrease the deterioration rate by adding some specification to the packaging of these items that is known as active packaging. Although this packaging can reduce the deteriorating rate of products, but may be increases the cost of both supplier and buyer. Because of the complexity of the mathematical model, a genetic algorithm has been developed to determine the best policy of this inventory control system.
Facility location of two producers with preference of customers is discussed in this paper. Because of differences between two producers in terms of their influence on the market, the problem is formulated as a bi-level integer mathematical programming model with binary variables. It is considered that both leader and follower have some facilities at first and are going to open new facilities and this may lead to make changes in allocation of facilities and customers. To solve the problem, two metaheuristics algorithm based on genetic algorithm (GA) and hybrid of genetic algorithm and ant colony optimization (ACO) are proposed. In the first section of each algorithm, the location of facilities for two producers is determined and in the second section, each customer selects a facility. Upper bound of the competitive facility location problem is determined by solving the upper-level problem as an integer linear programming model without considering the follower's decision. To evaluate the efficiency of proposed algorithms, enumeration technique is used to find optimal solution. Computational results show that all of the developed algorithms are capable of achieving optimal solution for small size problems and high-quality solution in reasonable computational time for medium and large-scale problems.
The present research investigates the competition between two products without packaging and with green-packaging in a dual-channel supply-chain with government intervention. The manufacturer supplies the product to the customers at the first level without packaging, and the packaging-company supplies it at the second level with green-packaging. The profits made by the supply-chain members have been calculated under the two government policies for identification of the optimal decisions. The results indicate that the low cost of green-packaging is to the benefit of the packaging-company in both government policies, which is the case for the manufacturer only in the second. It has also been demonstrated that the difference between the sales prices of the two products increases, and the competition between them decreases with an increase in the difference between the customers' conceptions of their values.
The retailer’s strategic inventory management can convince the supplier to present lower wholesale prices in later orders. In practice, there are always unavoidable factors that cause disruption in the supply chain with undeniable impacts on strategic inventories, such as COVID-19. This is of greater significance in regard to goods that lose their freshness by time. The impacts of disruption in such products on managed strategic inventories and the retailer’s and supplier’s consequent behavior have not been addressed in the literature. Therefore, this research investigated the impacts of disruption in demand for deteriorating items on strategic inventories managed by the retailer. The results demonstrated that strategic inventory management is not always a threat for the supplier, and it can even be useful in certain conditions. Changes in goods deterioration levels were found to affect profit more seriously if disruption increased demand in the first period. We also specified the consequences of a decision to or not to manage strategic inventories in different cases of disruption and inventory management cost.
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