Glanders is a contagious and fatal equine disease caused by the gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia mallei. B. mallei is prevalent among horse populations in Asia, the Middle East, and South America. More than four million horses have been registered in Mongolia in 2020. However, the resent prevalence of glanders has not been well investigated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the seropositivity of B. mallei in horse populations in Mongolia using the complement fixation test (CFT) and Rose Bengal plate agglutination test (RBT). We randomly collected blood samples from horses in central and eastern Mongolia between 2018 and 2019. Of 337 horses, 26 (7.7%) and 28 (8.3%) were seropositive using RBT and CFT, respectively. Interestingly, seropositivity in horses resulting from crossbreeding of Mongolian native horses with thoroughbred horses was higher than that in Mongolian native horses. Our observations suggest that equine glanders are still endemic to Mongolia.
For this study used goat pox inactivated vaccine (serial ¹57,58, year of 2014 ) produced at Biocombinat State Owned Enterprise (SOE).On day 21 and at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 months after vaccination, the vaccinated animals are challenged with a virulent "Ho" strain by subcutaneous inoculation with 0.1 ml (10 -3.5 ). We have evaluated that the goat pox inactivated vaccine is effective for up to 6 months.
Dourine is a deadly protozoan disease in equids caused by infection with
Trypanosoma equiperdum
. Neurological signs in the later stage of
infection may be caused by peripheral polyneuritis and related axonal degeneration. This
neuritis involves T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and macrophages, and is observed in cases
without obvious neurological signs. However, the pathogenesis of neuritis remains unclear.
We identified M2 macrophages and CD8 T cells as the predominant phenotypes in neuritis of
dourine-affected horses with or without neurological signs. In contrast, the populations
of M1 macrophages and CD4 T cells were small. This result indicates that inflammation was
chronic and suggests that dourine-associated neuritis occurs at the early stage of
infection.
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