EB seems superior to CONV at increasing torque at high contraction velocities, whereas CONV seems more effective at improving some functional performance measures and vertical jump. This has important implications for preserving functional capacity.
Reliable measures of muscle strength and functional capacity in older adults are essential. The aim of this study was to determine whether coefficients of variation (CVs) of individuals obtained at the first session can infer repeatability of performance in a subsequent session. Forty-eight healthy older adults (mean age 68.6 ± 6.1 years; age range 60-80 years) completed two assessment sessions, and on each occasion undertook: dynamometry for isometric and isokinetic quadriceps strength, 6 meter fast walk (6MFWT), timed up and go (TUG), stair climb and descent, and vertical jump. Significant linear relationships were observed between CVs in session 1 and the percentage difference between sessions 1 and 2 for torque at 60, 120, 240 and 360°/s, 6MFWT, TUG, stair climb, and stair descent. The results of this study could be used to establish criteria for determining an acceptably reliable performance in strength and functional tests.
Background: Whilst resistance training has been proven to convey considerable benefits to olderpeople; immediately post-exercise there may be elevated transient risks for cardiac events and falls. Objectivesand Measurements:We assessed the acute effects of eccentrically-biased (EB) and conventional (CONV)resistance exercise on: platelet number, activation and granule exocytsosis; and mean velocity of centre ofpressure displacement (Vm). Design, Setting, Participants and Intervention:Ten older adults (7 males, 3females; 69 ± 4 years) participated in this randomised controlled cross-over study in which they performed EBand CONV training sessions that were matched for total work and a control condition. Results:Immediately post-exercise there was a statistically significant difference in platelet count between the control condition, in which ithad declined (pre 224 ± 35 109/L; post 211 ± 30 109/L: P < 0.05) and CONV in which it had increased (pre 236 ±55 109/L; post 242 ± 51 109/L: P > 0.05). There was no change in platelet activation and granule exocytsosis orVm following EB and CONV. Conclusions:Overall, while minor differences between regimens were observed,no major adverse effect on parameters of platelet function or centre of pressure displacement were observedacutely following either regimen. Eccentrically-biased and conventional resistance exercise training regimens donot appear to present an elevated acute risk in the context of changes to platelet function contributing to a cardiacevent or postural stability increasing falls risk for apparently healthy older adults.
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