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The process of anodic passivation of nickel in acid solutions has been investigated by means of an automatic recording ellipsometer in which the light emerging from a rotating analyzer has been electronically processed to yield a continuous read-out of the changes of polarization state of light reflected from a nickel anode during a galvanostatic transient. Digital computer analysis of the ellipsometric data has revealed: (a) the existence of an induction time for film formation; (b) a linear growth law for the film during a time interval commencing with the induction time and ending before the passivation time; (c) the occurrence of passivation when the absorption coefficient of the film jumps from a nearzero value to a fractional value; and (d) continuous changes of the refractive index of the film during the period of film growth. These phenomena are consistent with a model in which (a) a pre-passive film forms and thickens by a dissolution-precipitation niechanisnl, (6) the growth of the film is accompanied by its electrochemical oxidation, (c) the film growth -oxidation process continues until the pre-passive film is transformed into an electronically-conducting material, and ( d ) the conversion of the pre-passive film into an electronic conductor constitutes the essence of the so-called active-passive transition.
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