Density (ρ), viscosity (η) and ultrasonic velocity (u) of binary mixtures of methyl orange and water were measured at different concentrations and at different temperatures; several useful parameters such as excess volume, excess velocity, and excess adiabatic compressibility have been calculated. These parameters are used to explain the nature of intermolecular interactions taking place in the binary mixture. The above study is helpful in understanding the dye/solvent interaction at different concentration and temperatures.
Abstract-Single crystals of 4-methoxy benzoin (4MB), an organic nonlinear optical material have been synthesized by a slow evaporation technique at room temperature. The crystalline nature was confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The chemical composition of grown crystals was determined by FTIR spectra. Optical absorption studies have shown that UV cut off wavelength of the grown crystal is at 400nm and it has a wide transparency window. The second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency of the grown crystal was confirmed by the Kurtz and Perry powder technique.Highly nonlinear materials are capable of fast and efficient processing of optical signals in the fast growing development of optical fiber communication systems. The nonlinear crystals have proved to be interesting candidates for a number of applications, such as second harmonic generation, frequency mixing, electro-optic modulation, optical parametric oscillation etc. [1]. Due to the technological importance of these nonlinear crystals the needs for high quality organic crystals have grown dramatically in the last decade. With rapid progress in the crystal growth technology, crystals having attractive nonlinear properties are being discovered. This has enabled the commercial development of single crystals with promising nonlinear optical properties. An organic molecule with significant nonlinear optical activity generally consists of a π-electron conjugated moiety substituted by an electron donor group at one end of the conjugated structure and an electron acceptor at the other end, forming a "push-pull" conjugated structure. The conjugated π-electron moiety provides a pathway for the entire length of conjugation under the perturbation of an external electric field. Functionalizing both ends of the conjugated π bond system with an appropriate electron donor and acceptor group can increase the asymmetric electronic distribution in either or both the ground and excited state, thus leading to increased optical nonlinearity [2]. Organic molecules should have high second order hyperpolarizability (β) to exhibit effective NLO properties in many cases, an order of magnitude smaller than widely known inorganic materials [3].4-methoxy benzoin is a new potential candidate for second order NLO applications. The molecular design of 4-methoxy benzoin, containing one electron donor (methoxy) and one electron acceptor (carbonyl) moiety, provides it with a push-pull configuration, which is a well-known way of enhancing optical nonlinearities. In this paper we report the growth, structural, vibrational, optical and second harmonic generation (SHG) properties of single crystals of 4-methoxy benzoin(4MB).The title compound was synthesized by benzoin condensation using 4g of KCN dissolved in 75cc of water in a one litre flask. To this was added 6.8g (0.05mole) of p-anisaldehyde, 7g (0.05mole) of benzaldeyde and 75cc of 95% ethanol. The mixture formed a solution at the boiling temperature and was refluxed for one and half hours. Steam was then passed through...
Density (ρ), ultrasonic velocity (U), for the binary mixtures of 4-methoxy benzoin (4MB) with ethanol, chloroform, acetonitrile, benzene, and di-oxane were measured at 298K. The solute-solvent interactions and the effect of the polarity of the solvent on the type of intermolecular interactions are discussed here. From the above data, adiabatic compressibility (β), intermolecular free length (L(f)), acoustic impedance (Z), apparent molar volume (Ø), relative association (RA) have been calculated. Other useful parameters such as excess density, excess velocity and excess adiabatic compressibility have also been calculated. These parameters were used to study the nature and extent of intermolecular interactions between component molecules in the binary mixtures.
In the title compound, C15H10ClNO5, the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 87.99 (5)°. The O—C—C—O torsion angle between the two carbonyl units is −119.03 (16)°. The crystal structure is stabilized by a weak intermolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bond.
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