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Resumen: Objetivo: evaluar comparativamente la actividad electromiográfica (EMG) del músculo masetero y la fuerza de mordida máxima entre varios patrones de divergencia facial. Para comparar la variación bilateral, por lo tanto, derive la importancia clínica de los cambios en la actividad EMG del masetero. Materiales y métodos: El tamaño de la muestra comprende 90 sujetos, con edades comprendidas entre 16 y 25 años. Además, se clasificaron en tres subgrupos: normodivergente, hipodivergente e hiperdivergénico según los valores cefalométricos. Se usó el sensor Tekscan Flexiforce B201H junto con el software asociado para registrar la fuerza de mordida. La EMG del músculo masetero superficial se registró utilizando la máquina de electromiografía de superficie Biotech Neurocare 2000. La actividad muscular se registró bilateralmente a partir del masetero superficial. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron estadísticamente utilizando la curva ROC a p<0,05. Resultados: la fuerza de mordida del grupo hipodivergente (571.83N±36.65) fue mayor que la de los grupos normodivergentes (387.26±27.20) y los hiperdivergentes (373.21N±29.23). El registro EMG de la actividad muscular masetera en el grupo hipodivergente fue significativamente más alto que en los grupos normodivergente e hiperdivergente. (valor de p=<0.01). Existía una correlación significativa entre la actividad del masetero y la fuerza de mordida. Conclusión: la fuerza de mordedura de los individuos hipodivergentes de la mandíbula es más alta seguida por la de Normodivergent y menos en los individuos hiperdivergentes. La fuerte correlación entre la actividad muscular y la fuerza de mordedura definitivamente contribuye al valor de anclaje durante el tratamiento con ortodoncia fija.

Pain is a sensory experience that is highly subjective. The most commonly used method by a clinician to measure pain is visual analogue scale. Various factors such as age, sociocultural, psychological and environmental factors profoundly alter the Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of bite wafer (BW) in reducing pain levels, which is a highly complex and subjective phenomenon by assessing the substance P level in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) at different time intervals after initial arch wire placement. Methods:A parallel 2-group prospective case control study was designed for the estimation of substance P levels in GCF after bite-wafer chewing to validate orthodontic pain reduction. The sample size consisted of 80 subjects (47 males and 33 females, mean age of 18.94±2.87 years), who were randomly divided into two groups as the BW group (BWG) and the control group (CG). Fixed orthodontic appliance was placed in each patients of both groups and 0.014-inch nickel-titanium wire was placed and ligated. GCF was collected from the BW and CG before and 8, 24 and 72 hours after the initiation of orthodontic treatment. Unpaired T test was applied between the control and experimental group to evaluate the significant difference between the groups. Results:The substance P level in GCF for both the BWG and CG followed a similar curve i.e., their levels increased after 8 hours, reached its peak at 24 hours and decreased gradually at 72 hours. The mean substance P level was significantly lower in the BWG compared to the CG, which implied that rhythmic chewing of BW helps in alleviating pain. Conclusion:Bite wafers offer an excellent non-pharmacological option in reducing substance p level, thus indicating pain alleviation after orthodontic procedures. ABSTRACT Date

The improvement of facial aesthetics is one of the main reasons why patients with a class II division 1 malocclusion seek orthodontic treatment. There are various techniques available to treat class II malocclusions, one of which is a two-phase approach that includes functional jaw orthopedics as well as fixed orthodontic treatment. The following case report describes the case of a 12-year-old growing female patient AK with a severe class II division 1 malocclusion. The patient was treated initially with Haas-type rapid maxillary expansion. Pre-functional orthodontics was followed with a removable twin block functional appliance and a combination pull headgear for growth modification and correction of her overjet and profile. Thereafter, a fixed, pre-adjusted MBT (McLaughlin Bennet Trevsi) prescription orthodontic appliance was utilized following the extractions of the maxillary first premolars and two lower incisors in the final phase, to ensure well-aligned arches and improved aesthetics and function.

The aim of this article is to derive an angle using panoramic radiographs which is as reliable as lateral cephalometric norms in determining the skeletal growth pattern. The sample size consisted of 60 OPGs of patients with normodivergent growth pattern evaluated from cephalometric radiographs. The mean Symphyseal Angle (SA) obtained was 134.1 ± 2.1 and correlation tests showed high, negative and statistically significant correlation for both Basal Plane Angle (BPA) 1 and Frankfurt Mandibular Plane Angle (FMA) (p = 0.0063) and a positive correlation was shown with the Jarabak Ratio (JR) 2 (p = 0.032). The Symphyseal Angle derived was helpful in determining the skeletal pattern of the craniofacial structure. Clinical Relevance: This paper demonstrates the use of the Symphyseal Angle to determine skeletal growth pattern using panoramic radiographs.

Every orthodontist at some point in his clinical practice has faced the dilemma of how ′best′ to manage a mild to moderate Class II malocclusion. To demonstrate the efficacy of Forsus™ Fatigue Resistant Device in the management of Class II malocclusion. A patient having Class II division 1 malocclusion with functional jaw retrusion was treated using MBT 0.022” prescription and Forsus FRD appliance. Pre- and post-treatment photographs and lateral cephalograms were taken. Cephalometric analysis was done, and results were superimposed. 7-8 months of Forsus wear obtained stable and successful results with improvement in facial profile, skeletal jaw relationship, and mild increase in IMPA. Greater forward displacement of the mandible was the predominant factor for successful treatment Class II patient. Forsus gives good results for class II management, and it would be wise to consider treating such cases by non-extraction approach rather than contemplating extractions.

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Context: Self-drilling mini-implants are commonly used in orthodontic treatment procedures, but there is limited information regarding their fracture resistance in areas of high-density bone without predrilling. Aims: The objective of this study is to compare and evaluate the maximum insertion torque and fracture resistance of 3 commonly used self-drilling mini-implants in India, and to assess the influence of variation in diameter in torque generation. Materials and methods: 90 mini-implants from 3 different manufacturers with 2 different diameters were drilled into acrylic blocks using a dial indicating torque screwdriver. All mini-implants were drilled at the rate of 20-30 rotations/min, implants were drilled until they fractured. Torque generated at the point of fracture is shown on the dial of the screwdriver. Measurements of the peak insertion torque value for each manufacturer were recorded separately. Statistical analysis: Analysis of variance, post hoc Bonferroni test. Results: Analysis of variance test showed a significant difference among all the manufacturers in both the diameters with P < .05. Implants of 1.6 mm diameter of Ancer group have the highest fracture resistance value when compared with the same diameter of JJ Orthodontics and SK Surgicals. Implants with higher diameter have more resistance than those with lower diameter. Conclusions: The observed highest fracture resistance is 47 Ncm by Ancer and least fracture resistance is 16 Ncm by JJ Orthodontics. The values are higher than the torque required to place mini-implants intraorally. Ancer mini-implants have the highest peak fracture torque, thus more than SK Surgicals and JJ Orthodontics.