No abstract

Proximity-induced magnetization (PIM) has broad implications across interface-driven spintronics applications employing spin-currents. We directly determine the scaling between PIM in Pt and the temperature-dependent interface magnetization in an adjacent ferromagnet (FM) using depthresolved magnetometry. The magnetization due to PIM does not follow the generally expected linear scaling with the FM interface magnetization, as a function of temperature. Instead, it vanishes whilst the FM interface magnetization remains. The effective magnetic susceptibilities of heavy metal (HM) layers are shown to give rise to the previously unexplained asymmetric PIM found in HM/FM/HM trilayers.

The interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (iDMI) has been investigated in Co 2 FeAl (CFA) ultrathin films of various thicknesses (0.8 nm≤t CFA ≤2 nm) grown by sputtering on Si substrates, using Pt, W, Ir and MgO buffer or/and capping layers. Vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) revealed that magnetization at saturation (M s ) for the Pt and Ir buffered films is higher than the usual M s of CFA due to the proximity induced magnetization (PIM) in Ir and Pt, estimated to be 19% and 27%, respectively. The presence of PIM in these materials is confirmed using x-ray resonant magnetic reflectivity. Moreover, while no PIM is induced in W, higher PIM is obtained with Pt when it is used as buffer layer rather than capping layer. Brillouin light scattering (BLS) in the Damon-Eshbach geometry has been used to investigate the thickness dependencies of iDMI constants, from the spin waves non-reciprocity, and the perpendicular anisotropy field versus the annealing temperature. The DMI sign has been found to be negative for Pt/CFA and Ir/CFA while it is positive for W/CFA. The thickness dependence of the effective iDMI constant for stacks involving Pt and W shows the existence of two regimes similarly to that

The proximity-induced moment (PIM) in heavy metal layers may play a significant role in heterostructured spintronic systems. In particular, the PIM of a heavy metal adjacent to a magnetic layer has been linked to interfacial spin transport behavior. Element-resolved x-ray magnetic measurements were used to investigate PIM in Pt layered with two different rare-earth (RE):3d transition-metal (TM) ferrimagnetic alloys in which the net moment was dominated by either the RE or the TM at room temperature. We observed significant PIM in Pt confined to a 2-nm interfacial region for Pt/Co 77 Gd 23 and Pt/(Fe 50 Co 50) 77 Gd 23 and, in both cases, the PIM was parallel to the TM sublattice rather than the RE or the net moment. Our results highlight the prominence of the d − d mediated interactions between the Pt and the constituents of the ferrimagnetic RE:TM alloys over the net macroscopic moment.

A number of materials with a perovskite-like structure such as titanates, stannates, niobates, and cerates have been vapor deposited by a grain-bygrain evaporation technique. Also tungsten trioxide has been evaporated, being directly sublimed from a hot source. Analysis by electron diffraction showed that deposition onto heated LiF (100) or Au (100) surfaces can yield single crystal films of these materials. Corresponding planes and azimuthal directions of the cubic substrate and vapor deposited substance were found to be equal except for CaTiO3 where a (110) plane was parallel to the LiF (100). The (100) planes of NaF yielded films with two azimuthal orientations. Other single crystal substrates such as Ge, Si, NaC1, CaF2, PbS, MgO, and mica rendered the films polycrystalline, partly with preferred orientations. With the exception of WO~ the structure of the epitaxed films was identical with that of the bulk material.) unless CC License in place (see abstract). ecsdl.org/site/terms_use address. Redistribution subject to ECS terms of use (see 198.91.37.2 Downloaded on 2015-02-07 to IP * Referring to the pseudo perovskite unit cell (room temperature). ) unless CC License in place (see abstract). ecsdl.org/site/terms_use address. Redistribution subject to ECS terms of use (see 198.91.37.2 Downloaded on 2015-02-07 to IP Vol. 110,No. 9