Reduced spikelet fertility appears to be one of the major factors responsible for the decreased rice grain yield when cultivated under semi irrigated aerobic condition. We demonstrate that genotypes with better root systems coupled with higher cellular level tolerance (CLT) can significantly improve spikelet fertility under semi-irrigated aerobic condition in the field. A set of 20 contrasting rice accessions differing in root traits and CLT with significant molecular diversity were subjected to specific soil moisture regimes during a period between five days before and 10 days after anthesis. Lowest spikelet fertility was observed among the plants grown under water limited (WL) conditions followed by the plants grown aerobically in field conditions (AF). Deep rooted genotypes generally maintained higher spikelet fertility under both WL and AF conditions. Furthermore, genotypes that had high roots biomass as well as high CLT recorded the lowest reduction in spikelet fertility under WL and AF compared with the low root and low CLT genotype. This study emphasised the relevance of combining water acquisition and CLT for improving field level tolerance of rice to water limitation. Such genotypes recorded significantly higher grain yield under stress as well as well watered conditions. The study led to the identification of promising trait donor genotypes which can be exploited in breeding to develop superior trait pyramided cultivars suitable for semi irrigated aerobic cultivation.
The inhibition efficiency (IE) of K 3 [Fe(CN) 6 ] in controlling corrosion of carbon steel in aqueous solution containing 60 ppm of Clin the presence and absence of Zn 2+ has been evaluated by weight loss method. The formulation consisting of 100 ppm K 3 [Fe(CN) 6 ] and 50 ppm Zn 2+ offers 98% inhibition efficiency to carbon steel immersed in aqueous solution containing 60 ppm Cl -. A synergistic effect exists between K 3 [Fe(CN) 6 ] and Zn 2+ . As immersion period increases, the inhibition efficiency of K 3 [Fe(CN) 6 ]─ Zn 2+ system decreases. Polarization study reveals that this formulation controls the cathodic reaction predominantly. AC impedance spectra reveal that a protective film is formed on the metal surface. FTIR spectra reveal that the protective film consists of Prussian blue and Zn(OH) 2 . The film is found to be UV fluorescent.
Different Chickpea growing areas of Karnataka like Arasikere, Chamarajanagara, Mysore and Devanahalli were selected for the isolation and screening of phosphate solubilising bacteria. Totally 24 isolates were isolated from four soil samples of different Chickpea growing areas. Based on zone of solubilization ten isolates were selected to investigate their efficiency to solubilize insoluble phosphate in Pikovskaya's agar media under in vitro conditions. Among 10 isolates ACP-3 recorded higher PSE of 188.8% followed by ACP-2 (150.0%) and CCP-2 (145.4%). All the 10 isolates were tested for their ability to release percent Pi from tricalcium phosphate (TCP) in the Pikovskaya's broth media. Highest percent Pi released from TCP by the isolate ACP-3 (17.36%) followed by CCP-2 (14.14%). Same isolates were also tested for pH change in the Pikovskaya's broth at different days of intervals. ACP-3 recorded least pH which shows maximum decrease in pH of Pikovskaya's broth followed by ACP-2 and CCP-2. All the three experiments result shows that among the 10 isolates ACP-3 was found to be most efficient phosphate solubilising bacteria and this isolate was identified as Bacillus licheniformis from 16srRNA sequencing.
An Improved Method for the Preparation of 4,5-Diaminochrysazin. -The title method affords the title compound (V) in high purity and is suitable for scale-up. -(KUMAR, P. H.; RAO, G. V.; NARAYANASWAMY, B.; REDDY*, G. C.; Synth. Commun. 40 (2010) 23, 3501-3505, http://dx.
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