Aims and Objective:
The aim of this study was to assess the periodontal health status in subjects having dual habits of smoking and gutkha chewing among the male population of Kanpur City, Central Uttar Pradesh (UP).
Materials and Methods:
A total number of 500 male subjects were included, divided into three study groups: group I—164 subjects with a dual habit of smoking and gutkha chewing, group II— 170 gutkha chewers, and group III—166 smokers. Case history, clinical examination, and the following clinical parameters were recorded—oral hygiene index (OHI-S), gingival index (GI), bleeding index, clinical attachment loss (CAL), gingival recession, and furcation involvement.
Result:
In this study, the proportion of severe CAL was maximum in dual habit (78%) followed by smokers (70.5%) and then gutkha chewers (40.0%). A significant difference was observed in the proportion of CAL status between smokers, gutkha, and dual habit cases (P < 0.001). The result revealed that the dual habit group had more severe periodontal disease than smokers and gutkha chewers.
Conclusion:
Overall, it was concluded that periodontal health status was found to be very poor in both smokers and gutkha chewers, but the subjects in the dual habit group were found to have extremely poor periodontal health status.
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the dentinal tubule occlusion using nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HAP) containing toothpaste and mouthwash under a scanning electron microscope. The specimens were randomly divided into two groups with five specimens each: group 1—toothpaste group and group 2—mouthwash group. The percentage of the occluded dentinal tubules was assessed at the baseline, 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th days under a scanning electron microscope. The toothpaste group showed a higher percentage of occluded dentinal tubules as compared to the mouthwash group at the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th days, respectively. It can be concluded that brushing twice daily with n-HAP containing toothpaste for duration of 28 days produced good dentinal tubule occlusion.
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