We studied the distribution of T, T helper (TH), and T suppressor (TS) cells in blood and CSF using an immunoperoxidase slide assay and monoclonal antibodies. In subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, we found an elevated level of TS and a decreased level of TH cells in both CSF and blood. In MS, the TH/TS ratio was increased.

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Il-1 and Il-2 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells was studied in 10 patients with SSPE and 15 patients in the acute stage of MS. Both SSPE and MS cells in vitro released spontaneously high amounts of Il-1, and could not be further stimulated to synthesis of Il-1 by latex. The Il-2 production was decreased in both processes but in MS after the recovery from the acute stage the production of Il-2 increased. The role of the observed changes in both Il-1 and Il-2 secretion in the pathogenesis of SSPE and MS is unknown.