The effect of the parenteral administration of magnesium sulfate on the renal hemodynamics of normal dogs (1) and normal children (2) has been previously reported. However, no data are available concerning the effects of magnesium sulfate on the excretion of other electrolytes, nor have studies on the renal clearance of magnesium been reported. It is the purpose of this report to present such data. METHODSStudies of renal function, electrolyte excretion, and the clearance of magnesium were performed on six young men without evidence of cardiovascular or renal disease. The experimental subjects received a normal hospital diet which contained between 7 and 15 grams of sodium chloride daily. The experiments were performed in the basal state after adequate hydration by the oral ingestion of one liter of water 60 to 90 minutes before the study. Renal plasma flow was determined by the clearance of para-aminohippurate according to the method of Goldring and Chasis (3) and utilizing a constant injection syringe as previously described (4) indicated that concentrations of magnesium exceeding those found in the urine in these experiments had no effect on the flame photometric determination of sodium or potassium. Chloride was determined by the method of Schales and Schales (6). Serum magnesium was determined by the molybdivanadate method of Simonsen, Westover, and Wertnan (7). Urinary magnesium was determined by a similar method as modified by Stutzman (8). RESULTSThe control values for renal hemodynamic, electrolyte excretion, and magnesium clearance studies are the averages of three consecutive periods. The values during the constant intravenous administration of magnesium sulfate are the averages of three consecutive periods beginning 45 minutes after the start of the infusion.There was a significant decrease in mean renal plasma flow (t = 3.45, p 0.02-0.01) and in glomerular filtration rate (t = 5.98, p < 0.01). Although the mean percentage change was slight, being 9.9 per cent for renal plasma flow and 8 per cent for glomerular filtration rate, both functions decreased in each patient. Since the statistical analysis was done by the method of paired controls (t = t24 and since the changes were all in the n/ same direction, these changes in renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate are statistically significant. However, the degree of change does not imply physiologic significance. The filtration fraction increased in three patients and decreased in three. The clearance data are recorded in Table I.The serum sodium, potassium, and chloride concentrations were unchanged by the administration of magnesium sulfate. An increase in the urinary sodium and chloride excretion and a decrease in potassium excretion occurred in each patient and 858
The subcutaneous and intravenous infusion of adrenaline in man at a rate of 8 to 10 gamma per minute has previously been shown to produce a decrease in both renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate (1-4). The changes are not, however, proportional; and thus with a greater reduction in the plasma flow, a rise in filtration fraction results. The effects of the adrenaline-induced renal ischemia and hypofiltration on electrolyte excretion have not been adequately described. It is the purpose of this report to present data concerning the effect of intravenous adrenaline on both renal function and electrolyte excretion. METHODSStudies of renal function and determinations of electrolyte excretion were conducted on 12 young men without evidence of cardiovascular or renal disease. The experimental subjects received a normal hospital diet which contained between 7 and 15 grams of sodium chloride daily. The experiments were performed with the patients in the basal state after adequate hydration by the oral ingestion of one liter of water 60 to 90 minutes before the study. After three control periods of 15 minutes each, 0.45 to 0.80 mg. of adrenaline was administered by a constant injection syringe during a 45 minute period. The renal clearance studies were repeated during the administration of adrenaline. Renal plasma flow was determined by the clearance of para-aminohippurate as previously described (5). The glomerular filtration rate was measured by the clearance of inulin utilizing the method of Roe, Epstein, and Goldstein (6). The average priming solution of sodium para-aminohippurate and inulin consisted of 3 cc. and 50 cc., respectively. The average sustaining solution contained 14 cc. of sodium para-aminohippurate and 100 cc. of inulin, diluted to 200 cc. with triple distilled water. Approximately 150 cc. of sustaining solution was used for each experiment.Sodium and potassium were determined by an internal standard Perkin-Elmer flame photometer. Chloride was 1 Published with the approval of the Chief Medical Director. The statements and conclusions published by the authors are the result of their own study and do not necessarily reflect the opinion or policy of the Veterans Administration.determined by the titrimetric iodate method of Sendroy as modified by Van Slyke and Hiller (7). RESULTSThe control values for renal hemodynamic and electrolyte studies are the averages of three consecutive periods. The values during the constant infusion of adrenaline are the averages of two periods beginning 15 minutes after the start of the infusion.There was a marked and significant decrease in the mean renal plasma flow (t = 7.82, P < 0.01). In nine subjects the rate of glomerular filtration decreased, and in the other three it increased slightly. The mean change in the filtration rate was statistically significant (t = 2.62, P < 0.02). The filtration fraction increased in all patients, and the mean change was highly significant (t = 9.32, P < 0.01). The clearance data are recorded in Table I.The serum sodium and chlor...
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