In many countries of the world there are growing phenomena of uncontrolled staying of a young man in the virtual world. Cyberspace created by new technologies has become a real competitor to the elements of the so called traditional world, replacing landline phone and the post, radio, television, print media and books. In recent years, there have been more and more talks about new addictions that are associated with development of modern civilization as well as changing mores. In the publication by Timothy Gray and Aaron Kelly arise questions: "When was the last time you left a house without a phone?", "Can you survive a week without a phone, a day, an hour?" "Can you ever make do without a phone?" (1). Probably the vast majority of us would answer negatively. It is worth to add to these questions one more: "Where is the border line between a reasonable use of a phone and phone dependence?" Key words: phonoholism, mobile phone addiction, habit and impulse disorder, nomophobia Mobile phone as a new means of communicationThe concept of a device resembling a cell phone already appeared in the early 40th of the XXth century (2) in the United States, but for the first cordless phone you had to wait until 1971. "The homeland" of universal today "cell" is Finland -the country in which the world's first commercial line of mobile telephony was launched.In a short time, mobile operators have arisen in other countries of the world. Of course, the first mobile phones created on a basis of the American prototype, did not resemble today's. They were large, heavy and required frequent recharging. Initially they were used by businessmen, truck drivers and developers. After 1987 the first mobile phones were introduced to sale for individuals. With the expansion of the mobile telephony not only a demand increased but also customers' expectations as to the functionality and appearance of phones. Thus, a mobile phone has stopped to only fulfill its original function.As the data of the Office of Electronic Communications (3) of the world. One can watch not only the increase in a number of people using a mobile phone in order to call, but also an increasing number of users who prefer mobile access to the network via a phone.While the aim of a landline phone is primarily to enable conversation, a mobile phone meets many more features. It allows you to send multimedia messages like EMS and MMS, surf the Internet, watch TV programs, take pictures or record videos. Thanks to the "cell" you can play, listen to music, use an alarm clock or flashlight. The phone took over a function of a calendar, notebook or notepad.Many of its features have contributed to changes in a way people communicate and in their interpersonal relationships. According to Tim Dant, things that we create, receive and use, are symptoms of social forms (4), so no wonder that also a cell phone contributed to transformation of behaviors and customs.Unlike a landline phone, a mobile phone primarily made public a content of talks, as well as released a coercion of...
Eating disorders are becoming an increasingly common problem. This problem becomes particularly dangerous when it concerns specific groups in which the occurrence of any nutritional irregularities constitutes a serious threat to health and even life. This is the case for diabulimia, which I will present in more detail in this article. Personality predispositions and socio-cultural factors are determined as the main risk factors of development of eating disorders, inclusive diabulimia.
Although alcorexia has not yet been formally classified as a disease entity, it is a serious, complex health problem. Alcorexia belongs to behavioral eating disorders and consists in restricting the amount of food intake in order to increase the ability of drinking alcohol without fear of gaining weight. As far as so called traditional eating disorders are usually motivated by a latent desire to be lean and control your body, alcorexia appears to be motivated by the desire to drink large amounts of alcohol along with the desire to be slim. As the disorder is progressing, the situation may change, both in the direction of anorexia as well as addiction to alcohol. For the purposes of this article, I use the term "alcorexia," but it should be added that the term is used interchangeably with such terms as drunkorexia, alcoholic anorexia, or alcoholic bulimia.
Pro Ana is a way of life promoted only in a virtual space, the aim of which is to obsessively strive to achieve the target very low weight. This aspiration is perceived as the only way to achieve perfection, bodily and consequently also spiritual excellence. Anorexia is, according to the participants of this movement, a deliberately chosen lifestyle, not a disease. It is a demonstration of strength and not a proof of the existence of a mental or physical health problem. The Internet, on the other hand, is a "shelter" from the real, uncomprehending, medicalizating , disapproving world. It is on the Internet that Pro ana's portals are a place to create identity of participants of the movement.
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