Phonoholism – a new behavioral addiction

Abstract

In many countries of the world there are growing phenomena of uncontrolled staying of a young man in the virtual world. Cyberspace created by new technologies has become a real competitor to the elements of the so called traditional world, replacing landline phone and the post, radio, television, print media and books. In recent years, there have been more and more talks about new addictions that are associated with development of modern civilization as well as changing mores. In the publication by Timothy Gray and Aaron Kelly arise questions: "When was the last time you left a house without a phone?", "Can you survive a week without a phone, a day, an hour?" "Can you ever make do without a phone?" (1). Probably the vast majority of us would answer negatively. It is worth to add to these questions one more: "Where is the border line between a reasonable use of a phone and phone dependence?" Key words: phonoholism, mobile phone addiction, habit and impulse disorder, nomophobia Mobile phone as a new means of communicationThe concept of a device resembling a cell phone already appeared in the early 40th of the XXth century (2) in the United States, but for the first cordless phone you had to wait until 1971. "The homeland" of universal today "cell" is Finland -the country in which the world's first commercial line of mobile telephony was launched.In a short time, mobile operators have arisen in other countries of the world. Of course, the first mobile phones created on a basis of the American prototype, did not resemble today's. They were large, heavy and required frequent recharging. Initially they were used by businessmen, truck drivers and developers. After 1987 the first mobile phones were introduced to sale for individuals. With the expansion of the mobile telephony not only a demand increased but also customers' expectations as to the functionality and appearance of phones. Thus, a mobile phone has stopped to only fulfill its original function.As the data of the Office of Electronic Communications (3) of the world. One can watch not only the increase in a number of people using a mobile phone in order to call, but also an increasing number of users who prefer mobile access to the network via a phone.While the aim of a landline phone is primarily to enable conversation, a mobile phone meets many more features. It allows you to send multimedia messages like EMS and MMS, surf the Internet, watch TV programs, take pictures or record videos. Thanks to the "cell" you can play, listen to music, use an alarm clock or flashlight. The phone took over a function of a calendar, notebook or notepad.Many of its features have contributed to changes in a way people communicate and in their interpersonal relationships. According to Tim Dant, things that we create, receive and use, are symptoms of social forms (4), so no wonder that also a cell phone contributed to transformation of behaviors and customs.Unlike a landline phone, a mobile phone primarily made public a content of talks, as well as released a coercion of...

Adaptation and Validation of the Polish Version of the 10-Item Mobile Phone Problematic Use Scale

“…The factor structure of the MPPUS-10 was tested twice in the past. In a study on a group of adolescents (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17) (20,38).…”

“…Despite the evidence for negative consequences associated with the use of modern technologies, research studies have not provided sufficient evidence to include smartphone addiction as a distinct disorder in the current classifications ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases) (11) and the most recent version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM-5) (12). However, taking into consideration the occurrence of symptoms similar to those observed in substance use or gambling (tolerance, impaired control, withdrawal symptoms, intense desire, social problems), some researchers suggest that technological addiction may be treated as a behavioral addiction (13)(14)(15). Lack of a universal definition of the disorder is associated with the inconsistency of the terminology used to describe problematic mobile phone use.…”

“…Lack of a universal definition of the disorder is associated with the inconsistency of the terminology used to describe problematic mobile phone use. Several terms have been used to describe the behavior of continuous use of a mobile phone (or smartphone) in spite of negative outcomes: problematic mobile phone use (PMPU), dysfunctional use of the mobile phone, mobile phone dependence syndrome, mobile phone addiction, compulsive mobile phone use, or phonoholism (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20).…”

Problematic Smartphone Use and Social Media Fatigue: The Mediating Role of Self-Control

“… 15 In the works of Polish authors, one can come across the term “phonoholism”. 16–18 Although the word “addiction” in the context of SM appears in the articles from different parts of the world, 19–24 according to some researchers, the reference to “addiction” in the study of human-technology relations is not fully justified. A more appropriate term seems to be “problematic use”, 25 , 26 because despite its undoubted harmfulness, 27 it does not pose an immediate threat to life and generally does not warrant medical intervention.…”

Measurement and Pedagogical Diagnosis of Phonoholism Among Adolescents

“…Phonoholism, or mobile phone addiction syndrome, describes an addiction that leads to a disruption of habits and instincts, including a constant compulsion to call and/or send and receive text messages. It can also mean an addiction to new phone models (Hoffmann, 2017). The second term is an abbreviation of the phrase "no mobile phone phobia".…”