Anxiety is a mental disorder common in elderly people. In the process of becoming elderly, feelings of anxiety arise as a normal response to situations that accompany development, change, new experiences and find meaning in life. Anxious looks from physiological symptoms such as shaking, sweating, heart work increases and psychological symptoms such as panic, tension, confusion, unable to concentrate. This condition will inhibit the elderly's bio-psycho-social condition in living the rest of his life. One effect is seen from their sleep problems. This is observational research with cross-sectional approach. Samples were taken by consecutive sampling technique. 43 elderly who met the exclusion criteria. Research location at Posyandu Lansia Mojo, Surabaya. Data collection using Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety and Insomnia Severity Index questionnaires. the results of the study described 41.9% of subjects with anxiety disorders and 67.4% of subjects had insomnia disorders. The cross-tabulation results showed 48% of subjects without anxiety can occur insomnia disorders and only mild anxiety alone can cause insomnia in 100% of subjects. Rank Spearman Test shows a very strong relationship between anxiety with the incidence of insomnia in the elderly (Sig .000; coefficient correlation .535).
Introduction: This study focuses on the cognitive impairment in patients with bipolar disorder and also the distribution of cognitive flexibility and problem-solving by degree of education, chronicity, and episode of patient is in at the time of evaluation.Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study with purposive sampling method. The population was the Harmony in Diversity Group in Surabaya, Indonesia. Twenty-two patients agreed to be subjects and each of them finished the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) to measure cognitive flexibility and the Tower of London (TOL) to measure problem-solving. Results: The WCST score are below normal for 90.9% of the patients. Higher cognitive flexibility is found in patients with bachelor’s degree and euthymic patients, while lower cognitive flexibility is found in patients in depression episode, manic episode, and mixed episode. No patients could finish the TOL within the minimum required steps. Better problem-solving is found in patients in manic episode and euthymic patients while lower problem-solving is found in mixed episode and depressive episode.Conclusion: The cognitive flexibility and problem-solving in patients with bipolar disorder are lower than the normal cut off. The type of episode and chronicity are contributing factors. Euthymic patients tend to have better cognitive flexibility and manic patients tend to have better problem-solving ability.
Latar belakang. Stres kronis diketahui meningkatkan jumlah dan aktivasi sel mast pada regio otak tertentu melalui peningkatan CRH. Pada stres akut, peningkatan kadar CRH plasma berpotensi meningkatkan aktivitas sel mast otak, walaupun jumlah sel mast pada stres akut tidak meningkat. Tujuan. Mengetahui mengetahui pengaruh durasi stres akut terhadap aktivasi sel mast otak tikus (Rattus norvegicus) strain Wistar di regiotalamus dan hipokampus. Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain randomized post test only control group dengan 4 kelompok kontrol paparan stresor 30, 60, dan 90 menit. Aktivasi sel mast pada regiotalamus dan hipokampus dinilai dengan histomorfometrik. Hasil. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan aktivasi sel mast regiohipokampus pada kelompok perlakuan dibanding control (p=0,014; p<0,05). Namun, peningkatan durasi stresor (30, 60, dan 90 menit) tidak memiliki perbedaan signifikan terhadap aktivasi sel mast. Pada regio talamus tidak didapatkan perbedaan signifikan aktivasi sel mast pada kelompok perlakuan dibanding kelompok kontrol. Simpulan. Paparan stres akut mengaktivasi sel mast pada regio otak hipokampus walaupun jumlah sel mast-nya tidak bertambah. Durasi stres akut sendiri tidak berpengaruh terhadap aktivasi sel mast.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.