This work arises in response to the need to understand the production techniques of pre-roman gold jewels, starting from the systematic characterization of the different methods of metal joining used in antiquity to produce these objects.To meet this requirement, different procedures used in antiquity were reproduced by means of experimental archaeology. These models correspond to three metal-joining methods reported by ancient recipes: solid-state diffusion with copper salt, brazing and autogenous welding. These techniques were studied by different analytical methods in order to characterize them at both compositional and microstructural level (SEM-EDS, metallography, μ-XRF and μ-PIXE). The results obtained show that the solid-state diffusion bonding with copper salt presents a crystal hexagonal structure without phase changes in the joining point, where only a variation in the grain size is observed. At the compositional level, this soldering method is characterized by a local increase in copper concentration and a small decrease in gold content. In contrast, brazing shows a dendritic-porous structure due to the superposition of the soldering alloy and the crystal structure of the original foils. Besides, the compositional analysis revealed an increment of silver and copper concentrations and a simultaneous reduction of gold concentration. Finally, in the autogenous welding, no changes at the microstructural and compositional levels were observed.The results obtained have also demonstrated the usefulness of a portable μ-XRF system for the in-situ characterization of ancient jewels.

This article focuses on the study of patinas by means of a non‐destructive and fast energy dispersive x‐ray fluorescence (EDXRF) technique using portable equipment. The term patina is referred here to thin films or coverings (5–500 µm thick) on the surface of stone building materials, characterized by a common yellowish colour and a common presence of calcium carbonate, calcium sulphate, calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, silicate and iron oxide and/or hydroxide. Some of these patinas are the result of applied past treatments with protective and/or aesthetical purposes. The main aim of this article is to assess the potential of the technique, together with the determination of the elemental composition of the samples and the provision of analytical information leading to the discrimination between different types of patinas. This work proved that the EDXRF spectrometry is a useful technique for qualitative and even semi‐quantitative analyses of patinas in situ. It is a reliable method for a first approach to the study of a patina of any building. The results obtained showed that the patina is characterized by the presence and enrichment of elements like Si, P, K, Fe, Ti and Mn. For this reason, they could be considered as characteristics of this kind of material. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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This paper deals with the technological study of a new Late Bronce Age hoard found in Puertollano (Ciudad Real). This hoard is a singular found in the context of Iberian Peninsula due to the number of items (14 swords and daggers and 1 fragment of ferrule) and all of them are weapons. Elemental analysis by PIXE shows a Copper-Tin alloy with very low impurity pattern. A general comment about the real use of this weapons is included.<br><br>Se presenta el estudio tecnológico de un nuevo depósito del Bronce Final aparecido en Puertollano (Ciudad Real). Compuesto exclusivamente por armas (14 espadas y puñales y un fragmento de regatón) constituye un deposito singular entre los conocidos en la Península ibérica. Se incluyen los análisis de composición mediante técnica PIXE que indican que todas las piezas son bronces binarios Cu-Sn con bajo nivel de impurezas. Se discute sobre la funcionalidad y uso práctico de estas producciones armamentísticas

A navegação consulta e descarregamento dos títulos inseridos nas Bibliotecas Digitais UC Digitalis, UC Pombalina e UC Impactum, pressupõem a aceitação plena e sem reservas dos Termos e Condições de Uso destas Bibliotecas Digitais, disponíveis em https://digitalis.uc.pt/pt-pt/termos.Conforme exposto nos referidos Termos e Condições de Uso, o descarregamento de títulos de acesso restrito requer uma licença válida de autorização devendo o utilizador aceder ao(s) documento(s) a partir de um endereço de IP da instituição detentora da supramencionada licença.Ao utilizador é apenas permitido o descarregamento para uso pessoal, pelo que o emprego do(s) título(s) descarregado(s) para outro fim, designadamente comercial, carece de autorização do respetivo autor ou editor da obra.Na medida em que todas as obras da UC Digitalis se encontram protegidas pelo Código do Direito de Autor e Direitos Conexos e demais legislação aplicável, toda a cópia, parcial ou total, deste documento, nos casos em que é legalmente admitida, deverá conter ou fazer-se acompanhar por este aviso.Análisis pixe en muestras óseas subfósiles: ensayo de un protocolo de preparación Autor(es):García-Viñas, E.; Gómez Tubío, B.; Ortega-Feliú, I.; Bernáldez-Sánchez, E. Palabras clave: PIXE, elementos traza, diagénesis, bioacumulación, subfósil. ANÁLISIS PIXE EN MUESTRAS ÓSEAS SUBFÓSILES: ENSAYO DE UN PROTOCOLO DE PREPARACIÓN PIXE ANALYSIS IN SUBFOSSIL BONE SAMPLES: TESTING A PREPARATION PROTOCOLGarcía-Viñas, E.Departamento de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales. Universidad Pablo de Olavide.Gómez Tubío, B.