PIXE–PIGE analysis of a Visigothic gold cross

Salamanca, María Angeles Ontalba; Tubío, B. Gómez; Bandera, M. L. de la; Respaldiza, M.Á.

doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2004.03.089

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Although the scientific results obtained from the study of a wide variety of gold objects have recently provided important information about manufacturing techniques, there are yet many unexplored aspects about the joining processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compositional and microstructural study of joining methods in archaeological gold objects

et al. 2017

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This work arises in response to the need to understand the production techniques of pre-roman gold jewels, starting from the systematic characterization of the different methods of metal joining used in antiquity to produce these objects.To meet this requirement, different procedures used in antiquity were reproduced by means of experimental archaeology. These models correspond to three metal-joining methods reported by ancient recipes: solid-state diffusion with copper salt, brazing and autogenous welding. These techniques were studied by different analytical methods in order to characterize them at both compositional and microstructural level (SEM-EDS, metallography, μ-XRF and μ-PIXE). The results obtained show that the solid-state diffusion bonding with copper salt presents a crystal hexagonal structure without phase changes in the joining point, where only a variation in the grain size is observed. At the compositional level, this soldering method is characterized by a local increase in copper concentration and a small decrease in gold content. In contrast, brazing shows a dendritic-porous structure due to the superposition of the soldering alloy and the crystal structure of the original foils. Besides, the compositional analysis revealed an increment of silver and copper concentrations and a simultaneous reduction of gold concentration. Finally, in the autogenous welding, no changes at the microstructural and compositional levels were observed.The results obtained have also demonstrated the usefulness of a portable μ-XRF system for the in-situ characterization of ancient jewels.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compositional and microstructural study of joining methods in archaeological gold objects

et al. 2017

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“…This last feature is mainly due to the adoption of external beam setup, where both detectors and sample are maintained out of vacuum, thus avoiding/limiting effects such as heating, selective sublimation/evaporation, charging etc. This technique has been used for CH to study many different samples, such as paintings [28][29][30][31][32][33][34], metal point drawings [35,36], precious [37][38][39][40] and semi-precious stones [41][42][43][44][45], ancient coins [46][47][48], precious metals [49][50][51][52], ancient bronze statues [53,54], terracotta, pottery, and clay [55][56][57][58][59], and ancient manuscripts [60][61][62][63].…”

Section: X-ray Detectors-pixementioning

confidence: 99%

Detectors and Cultural Heritage: The INFN-CHNet Experience

et al. 2021

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Detectors are a key feature of the contemporary scientific approach to cultural heritage (CH), both for diagnostics and conservation. INFN-CHNet is the network of the Italian National Institute of Nuclear Physics that develops and applies new instrumentation for the study of CH. This process results in both optimized traditional state-of-the-art and highly innovative detection setups for spectrometric techniques. Examples of the former are X-rays, gamma-rays, visible-light and particles spectrometers tailored for CH applications, with optimized performances, reliability, weight, transportability, cost, absorbed power, and complementarity with other techniques. Regarding the latter, examples are ARDESIA, the array of detectors at the DAΦNE-Light facility, the MAXRS detection setup at the Riken-RAL muon beamline and the imaging facilities at the LENA Laboratory. Paths for next-generation instruments have been suggested, as in the case of the X-ray Superconductive Detectors and X-ray Microcalorimeter Spectrometers, allowing astonishing improvement in energy resolution. Many issues in CH can now be addressed thanks to scientific techniques exploiting the existing detectors, while many others are still to be addressed and require the development of new approaches and detectors.

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“…The most popular techniques among the methods considered above that satisfy the majority of the given requirements and are used for chemical composition analysis of cultural heritage objects, including gold determination are XFS [21,55,[85][86][87][88], LIBS [73,89,90], and nondestructive ion beam methods of analysis [91][92][93][94][95][96]: particle induced X ray emission (PIXE), par ticle induced gamma emission (PIGE), Rutherford backscattering (RBS), and nuclear reaction analysis (NRA).…”

Section: Determination Of the Gold Content In Items Of Applied Art Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

State of the art and problems in determining high gold contents in alloys and articles (Review)

Zhitenko¹

2013

Inorg Mater

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Methods widely used at analytical laboratories in industry for determining high gold contents (from several percent to 99.9%) in alloys, compounds, solutions, and articles, as well as the existing interna tional and national standards and publications on this topic covering 2001-2010, are reviewed. The review concentrates on publications in which the accuracy of the proposed procedures was estimated.

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PIXE–PIGE analysis of a Visigothic gold cross

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Compositional and microstructural study of joining methods in archaeological gold objects

Compositional and microstructural study of joining methods in archaeological gold objects

Detectors and Cultural Heritage: The INFN-CHNet Experience

State of the art and problems in determining high gold contents in alloys and articles (Review)

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