The 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17-HP) levels of cord and peripheral blood plasma were determined in fullterm and in preterm neonates, in order to investigate the normal concentration range during the first week of extrauterine life. In both fullterm and preterm neonates, the 17-HP level of the peripheral blood is substantially lower than that of the cord blood. In fullterm neonates (aged 1-7 days) the mean 17-HP concentration of the peripheral blood is higher in boys than in girls; the difference is significant (p < 0.05). In preterm neonates, however, the 17-HP level of the cord blood is higher for girls than for boys, the difference again being significant (p < 0.05).
The basic mechanisms of the course of bronchial asthma is initiated by the bronchospasm resulting from the liberation of histamine and other active substances; the release of biologically active substances is induced by the reaction of an antigen (allergen) which penetrates into the organism and the specific antibody formed against it, IgE (12). It is clear from a consideration of the very high number of foreign substances involved, together with the individual immune response (3) and bronchial activity (16), which vary with the age, that very many factors must he taken into account in the recognition and evaluation of the clinical picture. Many such relations have been put forward in the allergoiogical literature (9, II, 24, 25), but in most cases it is a matter of a supposed conclusion of general validity, deduced from a few, hut obvious connections. It therefore seemed necessary for us to try to estahlish the really essential, confirmahle relations from among the many factors affecting the condition of asthmatic children, by using principles of modern statistical evaluation (4, 6).
Hun gar y. E ffe c t s of androgen overpr od u cti on o n skin target organs in children wit h congenita l adrenal hyperpla s ia. Two femal e sibs aged 2 , resp . 3 years were studied with clinically and biochemically proven congenital adrenal hyperplas ia (CAH) due to a 21-hydroxylase deficiency .Both of them showed clitoris hypertrophy and abundant growth of pubic hair.Axillary sweat was sampled over a period of 24 hours from these children and from normal prepubertal controls. Analysis showed that prepubertal children excreted no detectable amo unts of steroids, contrasting with the two CAH patients. In axillary swaet from the latter, significa nt levels of steroid sulphates were found. The ster oid moieties of these sulph ated were mainly deh ydroepiandrosterone, androstero ne, testostero ne and 5-a ndrostene -3S,17S-diol.
OGTT in thl-ic major chi l h .In onjar t o -.us w l y signs of dyofurtion of the -1 le in 15 pol i t r a w f d (nun H$~9.1+2.2 &dl) pi?.qhartal thatasmanic major c h i l b r , (Th.),3-14 y.crr o1d.m OGTT wm ccried out, after the conrent o f the prents. I t wm oxmidwed as normal h e n a1 I e l i m i c (BS) and insulinmic (IRI) (Biodeta) values w e within 2 SD in confront to controls. A n Amma1 BS cwva in two (6 ad 12 y s old) and an dmamally elwated IRI b a~l value in mother two (10 wars old) haw beon o b . r d . The m i d i m & i m l \(m-IJhitrry tost wm calculated (null hypothesis rejected at PL 0.05). N o statistically significant differanem w e found in BS or in IRI valws at any ti-of the tast.ABS andAlR1 valws ad theAB!3/AIRI ratio .haad significant differences only at 30 nin.RS wd IRI peaks wua at 60 min. in 9/14 and in 8/15 Th.caapectively (3/9 md 3/10 in controls r a g s t i w l y ) . OIF data h o w a 61y.d i n u l i n secretion in Th. with &nomal BS e IRI c r w o in 3/5 Th. oldor than 10 ms and in 1/10 Th. ywngs thar) 10 -8.Tho b l l s function soam to ba a l t a r a t d precociously, but after the 10th yur of life the iwirament is mwa evident.--and E. CACCIARI .I I I r d P e d i a t r i c C l i n i c , Univereity of Bologna, I t a l y . P r o l a c t i n e e c r e t i o n dieorder i n the obese prepubertal and pubertal boy.A d i s o r d e r i n the p r o l a c t i n eecretion hae been demo; e t r a t e d i n the obese adult. No d a t a of t h i s kind e x i s t concerning children. 38 obese boye (13 prepubertal, 25 pubertal) under went a TRH t e s t with aseay of prolactin. Obeee preps b e r t a l boye ehow p r o l a c t i n l e v e l s s i g n i f i c a n t l y lower than those of the c o n t r o l group under b a s a l conditions (p-4 0.05) and a f t e r atimulua (p-4 0.01 ). I n the obese pubertal boys t h e difference is s i g n i f i c a n t l y (~-4 0 . 0 5 ) only a f t e r stimulue.W e can conclude t h a t in the c h i l d and adolescent boy obeeity induce a hypothalamo-pituitary disorder t h a t a l s o involvee p r o l a c t i n secretion. Precocious sexual developnant in a boy with Addison's dlsease. After a short eplsode of fever and dehydration an 11 year old boy was diagnosed to have idlopathlc Addlson's dlsease wlth an ACTH level of over 4500 p /ml. Since the age of 6 years he had manifested hyperpigmntat!on of the skln and buccal mucosa. A t aboisslon he showed advanced pubertal signs (P4 -Tanner) for genitalla and pubic halr, and hls bone age was 13 years. The p l a m levels of testosterone were 632ng/dl and the LH and FSH response to LRH stlmulstion (50 vg/m , i .v.) -2.2 to 25.0 and 2.6 to 3.5 mIU/ml, respectively -confinned the diagnosis of central precocious pubert . Basal plasma DHEA (51 ng/dl) and andmstenedlone (17 ngldlf levels were very low for age (normal 180 and 40 ng/dl, respectively). I t i s proposed that the assoclatlon of precodous puberty in thls boy w l t h latent untreated Addlson's disease i s due t o a "drift phenomenon" of LRH and/or gonadotrophins, following the pr...
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